{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T04:56:00Z","timestamp":1790571360556,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children born preterm (PT) face elevated neurodevelopmental risk, yet the role of fathers' sensitive caregiving in this process remains understudied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To test whether observed paternal sensitivity predicts cognitive and behavioural outcomes in PT children and moderates prematurity\u2010related risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Individual participant data (IPD) from two prospective cohorts in Australia and Israel (2009\u20132014) were pooled (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009207; 151 PT, 56 term). Father\u2010child and mother\u2013child dyadic interactions at 6\u201312\u2009months corrected age were observed and coded with the emotional availability (EA) sensitivity scale. Child cognition and behaviour were assessed at 5\u2009years of age. Mixed\u2010effects regressions controlled for sex, age, multiple birth, small\u2010for\u2010gestational\u2010age status and maternal education.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Higher paternal sensitivity predicted higher cognitive scores (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.25 per SD, 95% confidence interval\u2009=\u2009[0.09, 0.41],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.003). Paternal sensitivity was not related to children's later behavioural problems (\u22120.003 [\u22120.21, 0.20],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.981). No gestational age \u00d7 paternal sensitivity interaction emerged.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sensitive fathering confers an additive, clinically meaningful benefit for cognitive function in both PT and term children, over and above social and medical risk. Early\u2010intervention programs that actively engage fathers and support sensitive responsive interactions may enhance developmental trajectories in this vulnerable population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.70338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T04:23:02Z","timestamp":1788495782000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Associations Between Paternal Sensitivity and Cognitive and Behavioural Outcomes in Preterm Children: An Individual Participant Data Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Noa","family":"Gueron\u2010Sela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Ben\u2010Gurion University of the Negev  Negev Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karli","family":"Treyvaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy La Trobe University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2864-601X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naama","family":"Atzaba\u2010Poria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Ben\u2010Gurion University of the Negev  Negev Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5901-0455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeanie","family":"Cheong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Sciences Murdoch Children's Research Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Newborn Research Royal Women's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Newborn Health University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicia","family":"Spittle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Sciences Murdoch Children's Research Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5431-5970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tal","family":"Yatziv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Ben\u2010Gurion University of the Negev  Negev Israel"},{"name":"The School of Brain Sciences and Cognition Ben Gurion University of the Negev  Negev Israel"},{"name":"Yale Child Study Center, School of Medicine Yale University  New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7430-868X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter J.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Sciences Murdoch Children's Research Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of California  Irvine California USA"},{"name":"Center for Newborn Research Children's Hospital of Orange County  Orange California USA"},{"name":"School of Psychology Sciences Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6123-3375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Jaekel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Psychology University of Oulu  Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Paediatrics I Essen University Hospital, University of Duisburg\u2010Essen  Essen Germany"},{"name":"Department of Psychology University 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