{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T04:55:58Z","timestamp":1790571358566,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Excessive screen time during early childhood can affect developmental outcomes. However, evidence on the differential effects of screen time types in Thailand remains limited. In this study, we examined associations between different types of screen time and developmental outcomes among children aged 0\u20136\u2009years in Thailand.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study was conducted in community kindergartens and primary healthcare centres in Thailand. A multistage area\u2010selection procedure was used to select the study settings, followed by convenience sampling of caregiver\u2013child pairs. Data on screen time and related characteristics were collected through structured caregiver interviews. Children's developmental outcomes were assessed using the Developmental Surveillance and Promotion Manual by trained public health practitioners. Adjusted multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine associations between different types of screen time and suspected developmental delays.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 465 caregiver\u2013child pairs were included. The mean age of children was 41.97 (SD 19.76) months. The median daily screen time was 2.25\u2009h (IQR 1.83\u20133.00), with 78.9% exceeding recommended limits. Each additional hour of total screen time was associated with increased odds of suspected developmental delays across developmental domains, particularly receptive language delay (aOR 1.52, 95% CI 1.30\u20131.79) and gross motor delay (aOR 1.49, 95% CI 1.21\u20131.84). Recreational screen time showed the strongest associations, particularly for receptive language delay (aOR 2.39, 95% CI 1.73\u20133.30) and personal\u2013social delay (aOR 2.27, 95% CI 1.68\u20133.08). In contrast, educational screen time was associated with lower odds of receptive language delay (aOR 0.45, 95% CI 0.23\u20130.88) and expressive language delay (aOR 0.40, 95% CI 0.16\u20130.99), whereas communication\u2010based screen time was associated with lower odds of personal\u2013social delay (aOR 0.14, 95% CI 0.02\u20130.95).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher total and recreational screen time were associated with increased odds of suspected developmental delays, whereas educational and communication\u2010based screen time were associated with lower odds in specific domains. Limiting recreational screen time and promoting age\u2010appropriate, high\u2010quality, interactive screen use may support child development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.70350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T06:31:18Z","timestamp":1789799478000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Types of Screen Time and Developmental Outcomes Among Children Aged 0\u20136\u2009Years in Thailand: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Sukritta","family":"Jaichomcheun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, College of Nursing Taipei Medical University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing Chiang Mai University  Chiang Mai Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wachira","family":"Suriyawong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing Chiang Mai University  Chiang Mai Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pataporn","family":"Bawornthip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing Chiang Mai University  Chiang Mai Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su\u2010Ru","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post\u2010Baccalaureate Program in Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Nursing Taipei Medical University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29271\/jcpsp.2025.03.351"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016\u20102591"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.58837\/CHULA.CMJ.66.3.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","volume-title":"Too Much Time on Screens? Screen Time Effects and Guidelines for Children and Young People","author":"Australian Institute of Family Studies","year":"2026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcomp.2023.1088752"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.60099\/prijnr.2026.278980"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.60099\/prijnr.2023.260440"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889\u2010024\u201019178\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gpeds.2023.100080"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/tp.2019.09.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","volume-title":"Sampling techniques","author":"Cochran W. G.","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.101325"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wcs.1599"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2019.3869"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjpo\u20102024\u2010003200"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889\u2010022\u201012701\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010024\u201079290\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2018.01.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2020.0327"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2024.2620"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2021.6386"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","volume-title":"Developmental Surveillance and Promotion Manual (DSPM)","author":"Ministry of Public Health","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2020.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.70008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.60099\/prijnr.2026.278105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33588\/rn.7409.2021505"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2023.03.014"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"The Development of Developmental Surveillance and Promotion Manual (DSPM)","volume":"63","author":"Sirithongthaworn S.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of the Psychiatric Association of Thailand"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.15152"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874\u2010020\u201000971\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390\u2010020\u20100831\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2023.3057"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2989\/17280583.2017.1409226"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.13233"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/feduc.2021.600687"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2018.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","volume-title":"Guidelines on Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Sleep for Children Under 5 Years of Age","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019"}],"container-title":["Child: Care, Health and Development"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cch.70350","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/cch.70350","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cch.70350","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T04:24:35Z","timestamp":1790569475000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cch.70350"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cch.70350"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cch.70350","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0305-1862","1365-2214"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0305-1862","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2214","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70350"}}