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Children who do not form secure attachments to caregivers risk developing anxiety or other internalizing problems. While meta-analyses yield different findings regarding which insecurely attached children are at greatest risk, our recent studies suggest that disorganized children may be most at risk. Insecure attachment itself may contribute to anxiety, but insecurely attached children also are more likely to have difficulties regulating emotions and interacting competently with peers, which may further contribute to anxiety. Clinical disorders occur primarily when insecure attachment combines with other risk factors. In this article, we present a model of factors related to developing anxiety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cdep.12054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,8]],"date-time":"2013-11-08T03:25:47Z","timestamp":1383881147000},"page":"12-17","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":158,"title":["Is Insecure Parent\u2013Child Attachment a Risk Factor for the Development of Anxiety in Childhood or Adolescence?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Kathryn A","family":"Kerns","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kent State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura E","family":"Brumariu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelphi University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026011206074749800_cdep12054-cit-0001","article-title":"Positive and negative emotions and coping as mediators of the link between mother-child attachment and peer relationships","author":"Abraham","journal-title":"Merrill-Palmer Quarterly"},{"key":"2026011206074749800_cdep12054-cit-0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.44.4.709","article-title":"Attachments beyond infancy","volume":"44","author":"Ainsworth","year":"1989","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"key":"2026011206074749800_cdep12054-cit-0003","first-page":"490","volume-title":"Handbook of peer interactions, peer relationships, and peer group functioning","author":"Booth-LaForce","year":"2009"},{"key":"2026011206074749800_cdep12054-cit-0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579406060275","article-title":"The development and maintenance of anxiety symptoms from infancy through adolescence in a longitudinal sample","volume":"18","author":"Bosquet","year":"2006","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"},{"key":"2026011206074749800_cdep12054-cit-0005","volume-title":"Attachment and loss: Vol. 2. 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