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Yet little research examines adaptation to ethno-political violence over time or across multiple outcomes simultaneously. This study examines longitudinal patterns of aggressive behavior and emotional distress as they co-occur among Palestinian (n = 600) youth exposed to ethno-political violence over 3 years in three age cohorts (starting ages: 8, 11, and 14). Findings indicate distinct profiles of aggressive behavior and emotional distress, and unique joint patterns. Furthermore, youth among key joint profiles (e.g., high aggression\u2013emotional desensitization) are more likely to endorse normative beliefs about aggression toward ethnic outgroups. This study offers a dynamic perspective on emotional and behavioral adaptation to ethno-political violence and the implications of those processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.12599","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,29]],"date-time":"2016-09-29T13:15:12Z","timestamp":1475154912000},"page":"1479-1492","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Growing Up Amid Ethno-Political Conflict: Aggression and Emotional Desensitization Promote Hostility to Ethnic Outgroups"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Erika Y","family":"Niwa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brooklyn College, City University of New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Boxer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers University"},{"name":"The University of Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Dubow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bowling Green State University"},{"name":"The University of Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L R","family":"Huesmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khalil","family":"Shikaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simha","family":"Landau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Criminology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem"},{"name":"Yezreel Valley Academic College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shira D","family":"Gvirsman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication, Tel Aviv 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