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Nationally representative data from 4,983 Australian children were used to examine trajectories of receptive vocabulary (4\u20135, 6\u20137, and 8\u20139 years) and hyperactivity-inattention, conduct problems and emotional symptoms (8\u20139, 10\u201311, 12\u201313, 14\u201315 years), and literacy and peer problems (8\u20139 years). Lower growth in vocabulary was related to trajectories of hyperactivity-inattention, conduct problems, and emotional symptoms. Literacy was a key mediator explaining these associations. Results were consistent for children below the 50th percentile for vocabulary at 4\u20135 years compared to the full sample. These findings suggest that early literacy-based interventions may alleviate declining academic, emotional and behavioral functioning in adolescence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.13219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]],"date-time":"2019-01-30T00:01:21Z","timestamp":1548806481000},"page":"e365-e382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Vocabulary Development and Trajectories of Behavioral and Emotional Difficulties Via Academic Ability and Peer Problems"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"91","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6517-6064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth M","family":"Westrupp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"La Trobe University"},{"name":"Deakin University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheena","family":"Reilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies Health Institute 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