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Height and weight were measured at up to 17 time points between birth and 15 years, and cognitive ability was assessed at up to 16 time points between 3 months and 15 years. Weight and length at birth were positively associated with cognitive abilities in infancy and adolescence (r's = .16\u2013.51). More rapid weight catch-up growth was associated with slower, steadier cognitive catch-up growth. Shared and nonshared environmental factors accounted for positive associations between physical size at birth and cognitive outcomes. Findings highlight the role of prenatal environmental experiences in physical and cognitive co-development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.14079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T23:34:14Z","timestamp":1706830454000},"page":"1367-1383","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Co-recovery of physical size and cognitive ability from infancy to adolescence: A twin study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8271-2922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean R","family":"Womack","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Initiative on Stress, Trauma, and Resilience, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 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