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Here, we extend such work by looking beyond average effects to consider variation in susceptibility to both threat and deprivation in terms of cognitive and social\u2013emotional development, using an influence-statistic methodology. Data come from the ongoing Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (N = 14,541, 49.1% female, age range: 6 month to 12 year, race and ethnicity: 97.8% white, 0.4% black, and 0.6% other). With respect to anticipated associations of threat with problem behavior and of deprivation with cognition, results of this pre-registered research revealed that a roughly equal proportion of children proved to be susceptible in a domain-general manner (similarly influenced) and a domain-specific one (dissimilarly influenced). Implications for intervention are considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.14188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T14:20:32Z","timestamp":1730125232000},"page":"606-618","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Early-life threat and deprivation: Are children similarly affected by exposure to each?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8042-8941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristina","family":"Sayler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Davis , Davis, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katie A","family":"McLaughlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2191-2503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jay","family":"Belsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Davis , Davis, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026010915025167400_cdev14188-cit-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-005-0624-4","article-title":"The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood","volume":"256","author":"Anda","year":"2005","journal-title":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience"},{"key":"2026010915025167400_cdev14188-cit-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.73.2.345","article-title":"Sensory-processing sensitivity and its relation to introversion and emotionality","volume":"73","author":"Aron","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026010915025167400_cdev14188-cit-0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13461","article-title":"A Good Investment: Longer-term cost savings of sensitive parenting in childhood","volume":"63","author":"Bachmann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines"},{"key":"2026010915025167400_cdev14188-cit-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2445","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25378","article-title":"Opposing relationships of childhood threat and deprivation with stria terminalis white matter","volume":"42","author":"Banihashemi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"2026010915025167400_cdev14188-cit-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1037\/fam0000970","article-title":"Individual differences in timing of susceptibility to adverse effects of family dysfunction","volume":"36","author":"Belsky","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Family Psychology"},{"key":"2026010915025167400_cdev14188-cit-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8721.2007.00525.x","article-title":"For better and for worse: Differential susceptibility to environmental influences","volume":"16","author":"Belsky","year":"2007","journal-title":"Current Directions in Psychological Science"},{"key":"2026010915025167400_cdev14188-cit-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1037\/a0017376","article-title":"Beyond diathesis stress: Differential susceptibility to environmental influences","volume":"135","author":"Belsky","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"2026010915025167400_cdev14188-cit-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1017\/S095457941300059X","article-title":"Beyond risk, resilience and dysregulation: Phenotypic plasticity and human development","volume":"25","author":"Belsky","year":"2013","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"},{"key":"2026010915025167400_cdev14188-cit-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579414001254","article-title":"What works for whom? 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