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Identified instruments and methods were critically appraised, and quality of diagnostic performance was rated by two independent reviewers as A (sufficient diagnostic performance), B (either sufficient reliability or validity) or C (insufficient quality, or empirical results unsatisfactory and\/or inconsistent). For all A\u2010rated instruments and methods, an in\u2010depth literature search was conducted to supplement and verify their effectiveness and accuracy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 141 instruments and methods were identified. Only 12 methods with sufficient diagnostic performance could be rated as A, 72 were rated as B, and 34 received a C\u2010rating. Further 23 instruments and methods could not be rated due to lack of available information on diagnostic performance. Of all A\u2010rated instruments, six were designed for tooth structure, two for periodontium, one for endodontium and three for temporomandibular joints and muscles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Even though some instruments and methods exhibited good to excellent reliability and validity and can be recommended for research and clinical practice, they do not allow assessing all components of physical oral health. There is a need to identify and define standard instruments, and for components of physical oral health where methods with sufficient diagnostic performance are lacking, further research is required.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cdoe.12296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,31]],"date-time":"2017-03-31T07:19:44Z","timestamp":1490944784000},"page":"337-347","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical instruments and methods for assessing physical oral health: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4344-1741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.\u2010K.","family":"Pauli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg Germany"},{"name":"Department of Prosthetic Dentistry University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Aarabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetic Dentistry University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Kriston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Psychology University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Jansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Psychology University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Heydecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetic Dentistry University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.R.","family":"Reissmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetic Dentistry University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg Germany"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/03007990802131215"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2007.01798.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","unstructured":"Robert Koch Institute.Special issue 47 \u2013 Oral Health. 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