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We hypothesized that impacted third molars are a cause of orofacial pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Magnetic resonance images of 1808 participants from two population\u2010based cohorts from Northeastern Germany were analysed to define the status of third molars according to the Pell and Gregory classification. A self\u2010reported questionnaire and a clinical dental examination were used to detect chronic and acute complaints of orofacial pain, masticatory muscle pain, migraine and other types of headache. Logistic regression models were used to analyse the associations between third molar status and orofacial pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individuals with impacted third molars in the maxilla had a higher chance of chronic orofacial pain than those with erupted third molars (odds ratio 2.19; 95% CI 1.19\u20104.02). No such association was detected for third molars in the lower jaw. Third molars were not associated with masticatory muscle pain, migraine or other types of headache.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Impacted maxillary third molars might be a cause of chronic orofacial pain. Thus, physicians should consider the eruption\/impaction status of third molars in their decision\u2010making process when treating patients who complain of orofacial pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cdoe.12540","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T09:31:33Z","timestamp":1589794293000},"page":"364-370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Are third molars associated with orofacial pain? 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