{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T06:33:37Z","timestamp":1763706817080,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]],"date-time":"2024-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Comm Dent Oral Epid"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>While physical health status is known to impact social functioning, a growing literature suggests that social well\u2010being may affect oral health. This investigation evaluated whether self\u2010perceived quality of social roles, activities and relationships (social well\u2010being) influences gingival inflammation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative cohort of US adults, biennial waves 4 (2017) to 6 (2021). Social well\u2010being was derived from the validated PROMIS Global\u201010 survey instrument, categorized for this longitudinal analysis as high, moderate or low. The main outcome was incident self\u2010reported gum bleeding (dichotomous, proxy for gingivitis). Survey\u2010weighted logistic regression modelling adjusted for overall health status, sociodemographic (e.g. age, sex, race\/ethnicity), socioeconomic (e.g. income, education) and behavioural (e.g. tobacco, alcohol) confounders and was used to predict marginal mean gum bleeding incidence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross\u2010sectionally at wave 4 (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200923\u2009679), gum bleeding prevalence was higher along a stepwise gradient of decreasing satisfaction with social activities and relationships (extremely satisfied: 20.4%; not at all: 40.1%). Longitudinally, among participants who had never reported gum bleeding through wave 4 (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20099695), marginal predicted new gum bleeding at wave 6 was greater with each category of lower wave 4\u20135 social well\u2010being (high: 7.6%; moderate: 8.6%; low: 12.4%). Findings were robust to alternative model specifications. Results should be interpreted considering study limitations (e.g. potential unmeasured confounding; outcome by self\u2010report).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Social functioning may affect physical health. Specifically, social roles, activities and relationships may influence inflammatory oral conditions, like gingivitis. Confirmatory research is warranted, along with policies and interventions that promote social well\u2010being.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cdoe.12966","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]],"date-time":"2024-04-24T03:39:17Z","timestamp":1713929957000},"page":"716-722","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Self\u2010perceived quality of social roles, activities and relationships predicts incident gingivitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2046-4035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin W.","family":"Chaffee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco School of Dentistry  San Francisco California 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