{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T05:26:55Z","timestamp":1789622815253,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":124,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Comm Dent Oral Epid"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this mixed methods systematic review was to identify oral health interventions in rural areas of high\u2010income countries and synthesise the evidence on how access is addressed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Searches were conducted in Cochrane, CINAHL, Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source, PsycINFO and PubMed, with the last search in January\u2013February 2025. All study types published in English since 2000 were included that reported oral health interventions aimed at addressing access to dental services. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used to assess study quality. The Penchansky and Thomas model of access, with Saurman's adaptation, guided the thematic synthesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The final dataset was 73 articles. Most authors reported small\u2010scale interventions delivered by dental and primary health providers. Fluoride varnish application, treatments and health promotion were most reported in clinics, community settings and schools. Lack of service availability and accessibility caused by geographic distance required alternative service models, including telehealth. Free or minimal cost interventions were needed in low\u2010income settings. Stakeholder partnerships and understanding of local context were critical. Evaluations of community acceptability and awareness were rare. There was a dearth of studies addressing the six dimensions of access, with wide variation in study quality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is an absence of robust, well evaluated studies, with lack of homogeneity preventing meta\u2010analysis. Rural oral health interventions should be informed by comprehensive frameworks of access, be grounded in equity, involve communities in design, development and evaluation, should reduce silos between oral and general healthcare, and should prioritise prevention. Access to high quality oral health is a fundamental human rights and equity issue for rural people.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cdoe.70058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T04:01:58Z","timestamp":1771473718000},"page":"273-284","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Oral Health Interventions to Improve Access in Rural Areas of High\u2010Income Countries: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9933-7559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda","family":"Kenny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"La Trobe Rural Health School La Trobe University  Bendigo Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7728-2101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginia","family":"Dickson\u2010Swift","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"La Trobe Rural Health School La Trobe University  Bendigo Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4428-5840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Carlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Lincoln Bishop University  Lincoln UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2173-683X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lincoln Institute for Rural and Coastal Health University of Lincoln  Lincoln UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5010-6407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Gussy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lincoln Institute for Rural and Coastal Health University of Lincoln  Lincoln UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4063-3547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hewage Dona Vindya","family":"Gayathri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Oral Health, Ministry of Health  Maharagama Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2861-451X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lincoln Institute for Rural and Coastal Health University of Lincoln  Lincoln UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Treaty Series","author":"United Nations (General Assembly)","year":"1966"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization \u201cLandmark Global Strategy on Oral Health Adopted at World Health Assembly 75 \u201d(2022) https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\u2010room\/feature\u2010stories\/detail\/landmark\u2010global\u2010strategy\u2010on\u2010oral\u2010health\u2010adopted\u2010at\u2010world\u2010health\u2010assembly\u201075."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"World Economic Forum \u201cThe Economic Rationale for a Global Commitment to Invest in Oral Health: White Paper \u201d(2024) https:\/\/www3.weforum.org\/docs\/WEF_The_Economic_Rationale_for_a_Global_Commitment_to_Invest_in_Oral_Health_2024.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31133-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01404-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","volume-title":"Filling the Gap Disparities in Oral Health Access and Outcomes in Remote and Rural Australia","author":"Laverty M.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cdoe.12344"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0297546"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-7325.2010.00178.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)71146-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajr.12973"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41404-024-2684-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/idj.12059"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodpol.2020.101983"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","unstructured":"Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion \u201cSocial Determinants of Health. 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