{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T07:34:21Z","timestamp":1778657661909,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,17]],"date-time":"2013-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1361059200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previous research has shown that gastric acid suppression by antacid drugs can promote allergic reactions to acid\u2010labile food proteins. No data are available about whether antacid drugs can promote drug hypersensitivity reactions. The most potent and longer lasting inhibition of gastric secretion is provided by proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). We hypothesized that gastric acid suppression by proton pump inhibitors could be causative of drug hypersensitivity reactions during hospitalization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To estimate the risk of developing drug hypersensitivity reactions during the hospitalization of patients treated with proton pump inhibitors, and other associated factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A nested case\u2010control in a retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients from September 2008 to December 2010 (70\u00a0771 admissions) was conducted using the registry of cases of interconsultations to the Allergy Department (161 confirmed cases of drug hypersensitivity reactions). A total of 318 controls were matched by first drug suspected in the hypersensitivity reaction, time of admission, age, gender and hospitalization wards.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The relative risk of drug hypersensitivity reaction occurrence during hospitalization of patients treated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPI<\/jats:styled-content>s compared with those not treated in the period of study was significant (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>: 3.97; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.97\u20138.29). After controlling for confounders in the nested case\u2010control cohort, the use of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPIs<\/jats:styled-content> persists as a predisposing factor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>: 4.35; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 2\u20139.45). Personal history of drug allergy and a long hospitalization time were other predisposing factors of drug hypersensitivity reactions (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DHR<\/jats:styled-content>s). The hazard that a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DHR<\/jats:styled-content> has occurred during <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPI<\/jats:styled-content> treatment was 3.7% per day. The hazard for immediate or accelerated reactions was 1.706 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003) times that of delayed reactions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>In hospitalized patients, the use of proton pump inhibitors was associated with a significant increase risk of drug hypersensitivity reactions along with a personal history of drug allergies and long hospitalization time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,9]],"date-time":"2012-10-09T12:16:24Z","timestamp":1349784984000},"page":"344-352","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Proton pump inhibitors are associated with hypersensitivity reactions to drugs in hospitalized patients: a nested case\u2010control in a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ) School of Medicine Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Caba\u00f1as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ) Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. S.","family":"Laserna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ) School of Medicine Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Fiandor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ) Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ) School of Medicine Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Prior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ) Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Calder\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ) Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Medrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ) School of Medicine Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Bobolea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ) Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Fr\u00edas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ) School of Medicine Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Quirce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ) Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1995.00430180043006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.329.7456.15"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03540280039031","article-title":"Adverse drug events in hospitalized patients. 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