{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T06:50:06Z","timestamp":1791010206740,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,18]],"date-time":"2013-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1358467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Classification of respiratory symptoms may help to identify different underlying asthma phenotypes reflecting differences in aetiology and prognosis of wheezing disease among children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine childhood asthma phenotypes based on respiratory symptoms from a widely used questionnaire to further classify phenotypes in international settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between 2000 and 2002 cross\u2010sectional studies were performed in four centres in Spain. Parental questionnaires were used to collect information on allergic diseases in more than 4000 children aged 8\u201312\u00a0years. In addition, objective markers for allergic sensitization and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) were measured. Latent class analyses (LCA) were applied to identify subgroups of children according to respiratory symptoms, and then the association of these groups with relevant clinical features such as concomitant allergic disease symptoms, atopy and BHR was studied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found seven classes, one corresponding to healthy children, three classes related to wheeze and three other classes mainly related to congestion and coughed\u2010up phlegm. These tentative phenotypes differed in severity of symptoms and also in clinical correlates such as BHR and allergic sensitization. Atopy was more predominant in the \u2018wheeze phenotypes\u2019 whereas concomitant \u2018allergic\u2019 symptoms were most frequent in two of the \u2018wheeze phenotypes\u2019 and one of the \u2018cough phenotypes\u2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>LCA on reported symptoms in a cross\u2010sectional survey allowed different subgroups with meaningful clinical correlates to be defined. It remains to be investigated to what extent these groups also have different aetiologies, prognoses and therapeutic needs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,10]],"date-time":"2012-10-10T12:48:05Z","timestamp":1349873285000},"page":"223-232","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Asthma phenotypes identified by latent class analysis in the <scp>ISAAC<\/scp> phase <scp>II<\/scp> Spain study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Weinmayr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry Ulm University Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Ulm University Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Kleiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry Ulm University Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. B.","family":"du Prel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry Ulm University Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Garcia\u2010Marcos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Respiratory and Allergy Units \u201cArrixaca\u201d University Children's Hospital University of Murcia CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERSP) Murcia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Batll\u00e9s\u2010Garrido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics Department Torrecardenas Hospital Almeria Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Garcia\u2010Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units Pediatrics Department 12 de Octubre Children's University Hospital Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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