{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T02:29:30Z","timestamp":1782872970887,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,24]],"date-time":"2012-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Most childhood asthma in poor populations in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<\/jats:styled-content>atin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>merica is not associated with aeroallergen sensitization, an observation that could be explained by the attenuation of atopy by chronic helminth infections or effects of age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore the effects of geohelminth infections and age on atopy, wheeze, and the association between atopy and wheeze.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A case\u2010control study was done in 376 subjects (149 cases and 227 controls) aged 7\u201319\u00a0years living in rural communities in Ecuador. Wheeze cases, identified from a large cross\u2010sectional survey, had recent wheeze and controls were a random sample of those without wheeze. Atopy was measured by the presence of allergen\u2010specific IgE (asIgE) and skin prick test (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPT<\/jats:styled-content>) responses to house dust mite and cockroach. Geohelminth infections were measured in stools and anti\u2010<jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic> IgE in plasma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The fraction of recent wheeze attributable to anti\u2010<jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic> IgE was 45.9%, while those for SPT and asIgE were 10.0% and 10.5% respectively. The association between atopy and wheeze was greater in adolescents than children. Although Anti\u2010<jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic> IgE was strongly associated with wheeze (adj. OR 2.24 (95% CI 1.33\u20133.78, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003) and with asIgE (adj. OR 5.34, 95% CI 2.49\u201311.45, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), the association with wheeze was independent of asIgE. There was some evidence that the association between atopy and wheeze was greater in uninfected subjects compared with those with active geohelminth infections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and clinical relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Atopy to house dust mite and cockroach explained few wheeze cases in our study population, while the presence of anti\u2010<jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic> IgE was an important risk factor. Our data provided only limited evidence that active geohelminth infections attenuated the association between atopy and wheeze in endemic areas or that age modified this association. The role of allergic sensitization to <jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic> in the development of wheeze, independent of atopy, requires further investigation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,13]],"date-time":"2012-10-13T14:02:16Z","timestamp":1350136936000},"page":"60-72","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Effects of geohelminth infection and age on the associations between allergen\u2010specific IgE, skin test reactivity and wheeze: a case\u2010control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"A.\u2010L.","family":"Moncayo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Saude Coletiva Universidade Federal da Bahia Salvador Bahia Brazil"},{"name":"Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Vaca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Saude Coletiva Universidade Federal da Bahia Salvador Bahia Brazil"},{"name":"Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Oviedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. 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