{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T15:07:44Z","timestamp":1791126464233,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,22]],"date-time":"2013-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Epidemiologic studies have reported an association between diesel exhaust particle (DEP<\/jats:styled-content>) exposure, allergic sensitization, and childhood wheezing, although the mechanisms remain unclear. While DEP<\/jats:styled-content> is known to augment allergic responses in adult animal models, its effects on sensitization and asthma severity in young animals is unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objective<\/jats:title>To examine the impact of different doses of DEP<\/jats:styled-content> and allergen co\u2010exposure on allergic sensitization and asthma characteristics in young mice, and whether T<\/jats:styled-content>h17 as well as T<\/jats:styled-content>h2 responses are induced.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Lungs of 3\u2010week\u2010old wild\u2010type B<\/jats:styled-content>alb\/c mice were exposed by pharyngeal aspiration nine times over 3\u00a0weeks to DEP<\/jats:styled-content> at 1.2 or 6.0\u00a0mg\/kg body weight, house dust mite (HDM<\/jats:styled-content>) at 0.8, 1.2 or 6.0\u00a0mg\/kg of DEP<\/jats:styled-content> in combination with HDM<\/jats:styled-content>, or the same volume (50\u00a0\u03bcL) of 0.9% sterile saline.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>In young mice, exposure to 1.2\u00a0mg\/kg of DEP<\/jats:styled-content> caused no detectable lung inflammation, but 6.0\u00a0mg\/kg of DEP<\/jats:styled-content> induced neutrophilic influx. Compared to HDM<\/jats:styled-content> or DEP<\/jats:styled-content> alone, mice exposed to either dose of DEP<\/jats:styled-content> together with HDM<\/jats:styled-content> demonstrated increased allergen\u2010specific I<\/jats:styled-content>gE<\/jats:styled-content>, lung inflammation, airway hyperreactivity, goblet cell metaplasia, T<\/jats:styled-content>h2\/T<\/jats:styled-content>h17 cytokines, dendritic cells, activated T<\/jats:styled-content> cells, effector T<\/jats:styled-content> cells, and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017pos<\/jats:sup> and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201013pos<\/jats:sup>\/IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017A<\/jats:styled-content>pos<\/jats:sup> T<\/jats:styled-content> effector cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>In young mice, co\u2010exposure to DEP<\/jats:styled-content> and HDM<\/jats:styled-content> together exacerbated allergic sensitization and induced key characteristics of more severe asthma, including IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017A<\/jats:styled-content>, IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017pos<\/jats:sup> and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201013pos<\/jats:sup>\/IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017A<\/jats:styled-content>pos<\/jats:sup> T<\/jats:styled-content> effector cells. While exposure to 1.2\u00a0mg\/kg DEP<\/jats:styled-content> alone caused no detectable changes, it did exacerbate allergic sensitization and asthma characteristics to a similar degree as a five\u2010fold higher dose of DEP<\/jats:styled-content>. This study demonstrates that exposure to DEP<\/jats:styled-content>, even at a dose that alone causes no inflammation, exacerbates allergic asthma in young animals and suggests the importance of preventive measures to reduce the exposure of children to traffic related air pollution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,12]],"date-time":"2013-10-12T01:02:53Z","timestamp":1381539773000},"page":"1406-1418","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Diesel exhaust particle exposure increases severity of allergic asthma in young mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"T. 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