{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:17:30Z","timestamp":1791487050054,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,25]],"date-time":"2015-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1424822400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"A*STAR's Singapore Immunology Network","award":["SIgN 10-035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIgN 10-035"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Shellfish allergy in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ingapore is highly prevalent, and shrimp allergy is the most common.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to evaluate the clinical characteristics and immunological phenotype of shellfish allergy in this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients with self\u2010reported shellfish allergy were recruited from outpatient clinics of three large hospitals and from a population survey. Open oral food challenges (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OFC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) to glass prawn (\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<\/jats:styled-content>\n                        itopenaeus vannamei\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      ) and tiger prawn (\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>\n                        enaeus monodon\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      ) were carried out on all patients except for those who had a history of severe anaphylaxis. Skin prick tests (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) and specific\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      g\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      to crude and recombinant allergens were carried out to evaluate shrimp and dust mite sensitization. Immunoblots were used to assess\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      g\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010binding proteins.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The 104 patients recruited were categorized into shellfish allergic (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) when\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OFC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was positive or had a history of severe anaphylaxis (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a039), shellfish tolerant (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) when\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OFC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was negative (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a027), and house dust mite positive controls (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HDM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) who were\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a038). Oral symptoms (87.1%) were the predominant clinical manifestation. Positive challenge doses ranged from 2 to 80\u00a0g of cooked shrimp, with 25\/52 patients reacting to either one or both shrimps challenged. The presence of specific\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      g\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      to shrimp either by\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and\/or Immuno\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      assay provided diagnostic test sensitivity of 82% and specificity of 22.2%. The inclusion of specific\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      g\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      to shrimp tropomyosin and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      g\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      immunoblots with shrimp extracts did not improve the diagnostic proficiency substantially.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study highlights the predominance of oral symptoms in shrimp allergy in tropical\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      sia and that a high provocation dose may be necessary to reveal shrimp allergy. Furthermore, specific\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      g\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      diagnostic tests and immunoblots were of limited use in this population.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,25]],"date-time":"2014-09-25T00:23:16Z","timestamp":1411604596000},"page":"687-697","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Clinical and immunochemical profiles of food challenge proven or anaphylactic shrimp allergy in tropical\n                    <scp>S<\/scp>\n                    ingapore"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Thalayasingam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatrics Khoo Teck Puat\u2010National University Children's Medical Institute National University Health System Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I. F. A.","family":"Gerez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatrics Khoo Teck Puat\u2010National University Children's Medical Institute National University Health System Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. C.","family":"Yap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatrics Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. V.","family":"Llanora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatrics Khoo Teck Puat\u2010National University Children's Medical Institute National University Health System Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I. P.","family":"Chia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatrics Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Chua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatrics Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. J. A. O.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatrics Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. D. H.","family":"Ta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatrics Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y. K.","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gleneagles Medical Center Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. Y. H.","family":"Thong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology Tan Tock Seng Hospital Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. Y.","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology Tan Tock Seng Hospital Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. P. S.","family":"Van Bever","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatrics Khoo Teck Puat\u2010National University Children's Medical Institute National University Health System Singapore"},{"name":"Paediatrics Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. 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