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Protease allergens including Asp f 5 and Asp f 13 from <jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic> are thought to be important for initiation and progression of allergic asthma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the importance of secreted protease allergens Asp f 5 (matrix metalloprotease) and Asp f 13 (serine protease) in <jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\u2010induced inflammation, airway hyperactivity, atopy and airway wall remodelling in a murine model following chronic exposure to secreted allergens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BALB<\/jats:styled-content>\/c mice were repeatedly intranasally dosed over the course of 5\u00a0weeks with culture filtrate from wild\u2010type (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WT<\/jats:styled-content>), Asp f 5 null (\u22065) or Asp f 13 null (\u220613) strains of <jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>. Airway hyper\u2010reactivity was measured by non\u2010invasive whole\u2010body plethysmography, Th2 response and airway inflammation by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content> and cell counts, whilst airway remodelling was assessed by histological analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Parent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WT<\/jats:styled-content> and \u22065 culture filtrates showed high protease activity, whilst protease activity in \u220613 culture filtrate was low. Chronic intranasal exposure to the three different filtrates led to comparable airway hyper\u2010reactivity and Th2 response. However, protease allergen deleted strains, in particular \u220613 culture filtrate, induced significantly less airway inflammation and remodelling compared to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WT<\/jats:styled-content> culture filtrate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\u2010secreted allergen proteases, Asp f 5 and Asp f 13, are important for recruitment of inflammatory cells and remodelling of the airways in this murine model. However, deletion of a single allergen protease fails to alleviate airway hyper\u2010reactivity and allergic immune response. Targeting protease activity of <jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic> in conditions such as <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SAFS<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ABPA<\/jats:styled-content> may have beneficial effects in preventing key aspects of airway pathology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12426","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]],"date-time":"2014-10-01T08:41:23Z","timestamp":1412152883000},"page":"982-993","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["<i>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/i> proteases, Asp f 5 and Asp f 13, are essential for airway inflammation and remodelling in a murine inhalation model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Namvar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Inflammation and Repair Manchester Academic Health Science Centre University of Manchester Manchester 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