{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T05:46:06Z","timestamp":1792388766166,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,27]],"date-time":"2015-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422316800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AI104733, R21 HL113913, U19 AI106683, R01 HL078860 and R37 HL068546"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI104733, R21 HL113913, U19 AI106683, R01 HL078860 and R37 HL068546"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Although chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRS<\/jats:styled-content>wNP<\/jats:styled-content>) is characterized by Th2 inflammation, the mechanism underlying the onset and amplification of this inflammation has not been fully elucidated. Dendritic cells (DC<\/jats:styled-content>s) are major antigen\u2010presenting cells, central inducers of adaptive immunity and critical regulators of many inflammatory diseases. However, the presence of DC<\/jats:styled-content>s in CRS<\/jats:styled-content>, especially in nasal polyps (NP<\/jats:styled-content>s), has not been extensively studied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objective<\/jats:title>The objective of this study was to characterize DC<\/jats:styled-content> subsets in CRS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>We used real\u2010time PCR<\/jats:styled-content> to assess the expression of mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> for markers of myeloid DC<\/jats:styled-content>s (mDC<\/jats:styled-content>s; CD<\/jats:styled-content>1c), plasmacytoid DC<\/jats:styled-content>s (pDC<\/jats:styled-content>s; CD<\/jats:styled-content>303) and Langerhans cells (LC<\/jats:styled-content>s; CD<\/jats:styled-content>1a, CD<\/jats:styled-content>207) in uncinate tissue (UT<\/jats:styled-content>) from controls and patients with CRS<\/jats:styled-content> as well as in NP<\/jats:styled-content>. We assayed the presence of DC<\/jats:styled-content>s by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Compared to UT<\/jats:styled-content> from control subjects (n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a015) and patients with CRS<\/jats:styled-content> without NP<\/jats:styled-content> (CRS<\/jats:styled-content>sNP<\/jats:styled-content>) (n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a016) and CRS<\/jats:styled-content>wNP<\/jats:styled-content> (n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a017), mRNA<\/jats:styled-content>s for CD<\/jats:styled-content>1a and CD<\/jats:styled-content>1c were significantly elevated in NP<\/jats:styled-content>s (n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a029). In contrast, CD<\/jats:styled-content>207 mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> was not elevated in NP<\/jats:styled-content>s. Immunohistochemistry showed that CD<\/jats:styled-content>1c+<\/jats:sup> cells but not CD<\/jats:styled-content>303+<\/jats:sup> cells were significantly elevated in NP<\/jats:styled-content>s compared to control subjects or patients with CRS<\/jats:styled-content>sNP<\/jats:styled-content>. Flow cytometric analysis showed that CD<\/jats:styled-content>1a+<\/jats:sup> cells in NP<\/jats:styled-content>s might be a subset of mDC<\/jats:styled-content>1s and that CD<\/jats:styled-content>45+<\/jats:sup>CD<\/jats:styled-content>19\u2212<\/jats:sup>CD<\/jats:styled-content>1c+<\/jats:sup>CD<\/jats:styled-content>11c+<\/jats:sup>CD<\/jats:styled-content>141\u2212<\/jats:sup>CD<\/jats:styled-content>303\u2212<\/jats:sup>HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010DR<\/jats:styled-content>+<\/jats:sup> mDC<\/jats:styled-content>1s and CD<\/jats:styled-content>45+<\/jats:sup>CD<\/jats:styled-content>19\u2212<\/jats:sup>CD<\/jats:styled-content>11c+<\/jats:sup>CD<\/jats:styled-content>1c\u2212<\/jats:sup>CD<\/jats:styled-content>141high<\/jats:sup> HLA\u2010DR+<\/jats:sup> mDC<\/jats:styled-content>2s were significantly elevated in NP<\/jats:styled-content>s compared to UT<\/jats:styled-content> from controls and CRS<\/jats:styled-content>sNP<\/jats:styled-content>, but CD<\/jats:styled-content>45+<\/jats:sup>CD<\/jats:styled-content>11c\u2212<\/jats:sup>CD<\/jats:styled-content>303+<\/jats:sup>HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010DR<\/jats:styled-content>+<\/jats:sup> pDC<\/jats:styled-content>s were only elevated in NP<\/jats:styled-content>s compared to control UT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>Myeloid DC<\/jats:styled-content>s are elevated in CRS<\/jats:styled-content>wNP<\/jats:styled-content>, especially in NP<\/jats:styled-content>s. Myeloid DC<\/jats:styled-content>s thus may indirectly contribute to the inflammation observed in CRS<\/jats:styled-content>wNP<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,3]],"date-time":"2014-12-03T10:04:12Z","timestamp":1417601052000},"page":"384-393","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Elevated presence of myeloid dendritic cells in nasal polyps of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"J. A.","family":"Poposki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy\u2010Immunology Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy\u2010Immunology Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Welch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy\u2010Immunology Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. P.","family":"Schleimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy\u2010Immunology Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. E.","family":"Hulse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy\u2010Immunology Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. T.","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy\u2010Immunology Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Norton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy\u2010Immunology Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. A.","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy\u2010Immunology Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy\u2010Immunology Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. E.","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy\u2010Immunology Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. C.","family":"Grammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy\u2010Immunology Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. K.","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. K.","family":"Chandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. B.","family":"Conley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. C.","family":"Kern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy\u2010Immunology Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348941112000701"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.09.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajr.2008.22.3228"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2009.01964.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2006.01225.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-020711-074950"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.11.6037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.20859"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2004-0279OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.20046"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2009.02174.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599813516277"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.10.7164"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-01-0346"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1711.2006.01428.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200904-0552OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2008.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12297"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0052875"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.7.3843"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20051135"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e3181f20489"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0804106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2014.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201402-0234OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201408-1491ED"}],"container-title":["Clinical & Experimental Allergy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcea.12471","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cea.12471","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T03:28:37Z","timestamp":1696303717000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cea.12471"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,27]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cea.12471"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cea.12471","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-7894","1365-2222"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-7894","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2222","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,27]]}}}