{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T11:32:25Z","timestamp":1771327945402,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,27]],"date-time":"2015-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422316800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31470888"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31470888"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>IL\u201021 is a key cytokine for regulating B cell immunity, which is involved in several inflammatory conditions. This study sought to define a role for IL\u201021 in activated B lymphocytes and enhanced tissue eosinophilia in NP tissues during the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>NP and uncinate process tissues were collected from 64 CRSwNP patients, 25 CRSsNP patients, and 29 control subjects. IL\u201021 expression was examined using IHC staining, qRT\u2010PCR, flow cytometry, and ELISA, and its clinical implication was evaluated. Moreover, the effects of IL\u201021 on B cell differentiation and Ig production in cultured NP cells were examined <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mRNA and protein levels of IL\u201021 were significantly increased in polyp tissues compared with control tissues (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.05). Polyp IL\u201021 level was significantly associated with polyp size, tissue eosinophilia and asthma comorbidity, and recurrence after surgery (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Both Th1 and Th17 cells were the main cellular sources of IL\u201021 in polyp tissues. The percentage of IL\u201021<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells was significantly higher in polyp tissues compared with control tissues and matched PBMCs (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.01). Accordingly, the percentage of CD19<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD20<jats:sup>+\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> CD38<jats:sup>high<\/jats:sup> cells was significantly higher in polyp tissues compared with control tissues (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.01). Moreover, recombinant IL\u201021 significantly increased the percentage of CD19<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD20<jats:sup>+\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> CD38<jats:sup>high<\/jats:sup> cells (plasmablasts) and IgG and IgA production in cultured NP cells <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increased IL\u201021 level in polyp tissues was associated with disease severity, local B cell activation, and immunoglobulin production, suggesting that IL\u201021 might play an important role in promoting persistent mucosal inflammation in CRSwNP patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,11]],"date-time":"2014-12-11T15:33:52Z","timestamp":1418312032000},"page":"404-413","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Increased IL\u201021 expression in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasalpolyps"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat\u2010sen University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Cancer Center Otorhinolaryngology Hospital the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010sen University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.\u2010N.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat\u2010sen University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X.","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.\u2010Y.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat\u2010sen University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.\u2010F.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat\u2010sen University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X.\u2010M.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Cancer Center Otorhinolaryngology Hospital the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010sen University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.\u2010Y.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat\u2010sen University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.\u2010B.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Cancer Center Otorhinolaryngology Hospital the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010sen University Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Xinhua Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai 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