{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T08:13:58Z","timestamp":1791274438832,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]],"date-time":"2015-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003842","name":"Ilhan Food Allergy Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003842","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"AnaphylaxiStop"},{"name":"Charles and Sylvia Viertel Medical Research Foundation"},{"name":"Victorian Government's Operational Infrastructure Support Program"},{"name":"NHMRC Centre for Food and Allergy Research"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Food allergy, eczema and wheeze are early manifestations of allergic disease and commonly co\u2010occur in infancy although their interrelationship is not well understood. Data from population studies are essential to determine whether there are differential drivers of multi\u2010allergy phenotypes. We aimed to define phenotypes and risk factors of allergic disease using latent class analysis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LCA<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The HealthNuts study is a prospective, population\u2010based cohort of 5276 12\u2010month\u2010old infants in Melbourne, Australia. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LCA<\/jats:styled-content> was performed using the following baseline data collected at age 12\u00a0months: food sensitization (skin prick test\u00a0\u2265\u00a02\u00a0mm) and allergy (oral food challenge) to egg, peanut and sesame; early (&lt;\u00a04\u00a0months) and late\u2010onset eczema; and wheeze in the first year of life. Risk factors were modelled using multinomial logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five distinct phenotypes were identified: no allergic disease (70%), non\u2010food\u2010sensitized eczema (16%), single egg allergy (9%), multiple food allergies (predominantly peanut) (3%) and multiple food allergies (predominantly egg) (2%). Compared to the baseline group of no allergic disease, shared risk factors for all allergic phenotypes were parents born overseas (particularly Asia), delayed introduction of egg, male gender (except for single egg allergy) and family history of allergic disease, whilst exposure to pet dogs was protective for all phenotypes. Other factors including filaggrin mutations, vitamin D and the presence of older siblings differed by phenotype.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and clinical relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multiple outcomes in infancy can be used to determine five distinct allergy phenotypes at the population level, which have both shared and separate risk factors suggesting differential mechanisms of disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,19]],"date-time":"2014-12-19T09:07:29Z","timestamp":1418980049000},"page":"953-963","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Differential factors associated with challenge\u2010proven food allergy phenotypes in a population cohort of infants: a latent class analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"R. L.","family":"Peters","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. J.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Department of Allergy and Immunology Royal Children's Hospital Parkville Vic. Australia"},{"name":"School of Inflammation and Repair The University of Manchester Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. C.","family":"Dharmage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne School of Population and Global Health Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. J.","family":"Lodge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne School of Population and Global Health Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. J.","family":"Koplin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne School of Population and Global Health Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.\u2010L.","family":"Ponsonby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne School of Population and Global Health Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Wake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. J.","family":"Lowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne School of Population and Global Health Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. L. K.","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Department of Allergy and Immunology Royal Children's Hospital Parkville Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. C.","family":"Matheson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne School of Population and Global Health Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. C.","family":"Gurrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne School of Population and Global Health Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the HealthNuts study","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2008.05.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2010.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2005.00860.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.118786"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2009.00862.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.06.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.02.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2005.00890.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12173"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12095"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.05.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.09.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00153507"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2007.093187"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2010.03562.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.09.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.07.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.07.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.02.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","unstructured":"University Park: The Methodology Center PS.LCA Stata Plugin (Version 1.1).2014. p. [Software]."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2008.04.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(99)70195-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","unstructured":"The Index Of Relative Socio\u2010economic Disadvantage. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Available from:www.abs.gov.au\/ausstats\/abs@.nsf\/Lookup\/2033.0.55.001(Last accessed June 6 2013)"}],"container-title":["Clinical &amp; Experimental Allergy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcea.12478","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcea.12478","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cea.12478","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T16:58:41Z","timestamp":1695574721000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cea.12478"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cea.12478"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cea.12478","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-7894","1365-2222"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-7894","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2222","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]]}}}