{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T18:22:29Z","timestamp":1792606949098,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,25]],"date-time":"2015-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1424822400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 1879 Paul Ehrlich published his technique for staining blood films and his method for differential blood cell counting using coal tar dyes and mentions the eosinophil for the first time. Eosin is a bright red synthetic dye produced by the action of bromine on fluorescein and stains basic proteins due to its acidic nature. It was discovered in 1874 by Heinrich Caro, Director of the German chemical company Badische Anilin\u2010 und Soda\u2010Fabrik. Ehrlich introduced the term \u2018eosinophil\u2019 to describe cells with granules (which he called alpha\u2010granules) having an affinity for eosin and other acid dyes. He also observed black\u2010staining, indulinophilic, beta\u2010granules in bone marrow\u2010derived eosinophils, which were probably immature crystalloid granules in eosinophil myelocytes. Ehrlich described the features of the alpha\u2010granule and the cell's distribution in various species and tissues. He speculated correctly that the alpha\u2010granule contents were secretory products and described several causes of eosinophilia including asthma, various skin diseases, helminths and reactions to medications. However, the cell was almost certainly observed by others before Ehrlich. In 1846 Thomas Wharton Jones (1808\u20131891) described \u2018granule blood cells\u2019 in the lamprey, frog, fowl, horse, elephant and man. He \u2018borrowed\u2019 the term granule cell from Julius Vogel (1814\u20131880) who had observed similar cells in inflammatory exudates. Vogel in turn was aware of the work of the Gottlieb (Th\u00e9ophile) Gluge (1812\u20131898) who used the term \u2018compound inflammatory globules\u2019 to describe cells in pus and serum. Almost 20\u00a0years before Ehrlich developed his staining methods, Max Johann Sigismund Schultze (1825\u20131874) performed functional experiments on coarse granular cells using a warm stage microscopic technique and showed they had amoeboid movement and phagocytic abilities. Although these early investigators recognised distinct granular cells Ehrlich's use of stains was a landmark contribution, which heralded modern studies on eosinophils and other blood leucocytes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,27]],"date-time":"2014-12-27T10:41:15Z","timestamp":1419676875000},"page":"575-582","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":102,"title":["The early history of the eosinophil"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"A. B.","family":"Kay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Leukocyte Biology Section National Heart &amp; Lung Institute Imperial College London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-394385-9.00001-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"237","article-title":"The discovery of blood cells","volume":"33","author":"Hajdu SI","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Clin Lab Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","volume-title":"Atlas der Pathologischen Anatomie","author":"Gluge G","year":"1853"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-184704000-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstl.1846.0005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02961404"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0025727300056064"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Mauve: How One Man Invented a Color that Changed the World","author":"Garfield S","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-015-9353-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"2191","article-title":"Legend of science. External constructions by the extended family: the biography of Paul Ehrlich","volume":"2","author":"Axel C","year":"2010","journal-title":"InterDisciplines"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"The Eosinophil in Health and Disease","author":"Hirsch JG","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","unstructured":"EhrlichP.1878\u201cBeitr\u00e4ge zyr Theorie und Praxis der histologischen F\u00e4rbung \u201d Doctoral Thesis dissertation University of Leipzig (quoted by Hirsch JG and Hirsch BI (1980) \u201cPaul Ehrlich and the discovery of the eosinophil\u201d in Mahmoud AAF and Austen KF \u201cThe eosinophil in health and disease\u201d publ Grune and Stratton p 3\u201323)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"166","article-title":"Beitr\u00e4ge zur Kenntnis der granulirten Bindegewbszellen und der ecosinophilen Leukocythen","author":"Ehrlich P","year":"1879","journal-title":"Archiv f\u00fcr Anatomie und Physiologie"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"571","article-title":"Ueber die spezifischen Granulationen des Blutes","author":"Ehrlich P","year":"1879","journal-title":"Archiv f\u00fcr Anatomie und Physiologie"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","unstructured":"EhrlichP.La Leukocytose. X111e Congres Internationale de Medicine Paris 1900 (quoted by Hirsch JG and Hirsch BI (1980))."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","volume-title":"Histology of the Blood. Normal and Pathological","author":"Ehrlich P","year":"1900"}],"container-title":["Clinical &amp; Experimental Allergy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcea.12480","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cea.12480","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T10:39:37Z","timestamp":1696329577000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cea.12480"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,25]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cea.12480"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cea.12480","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-7894","1365-2222"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-7894","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2222","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,25]]}}}