{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T06:06:08Z","timestamp":1791612368178,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,25]],"date-time":"2015-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1424822400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Allergy, Genes and Environment (AllerGen) Network of Centres of Excellence"},{"name":"CIHR Canadian Microbiome Initiative","award":["227312"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["227312"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000145","name":"Alberta Innovates - Health Solutions","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000145","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Banting Fellowships Program"},{"name":"Parker B. Francis Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The gut microbiota is established during infancy and plays a fundamental role in shaping host immunity. Colonization patterns may influence the development of atopic disease, but existing evidence is limited and conflicting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore associations of infant gut microbiota and food sensitization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Food sensitization at 1\u00a0year was determined by skin prick testing in 166 infants from the population\u2010based Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHILD<\/jats:styled-content>) study. Faecal samples were collected at 3 and 12\u00a0months, and microbiota was characterized by Illumina 16S <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">rRNA<\/jats:styled-content> sequencing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twelve infants (7.2%) were sensitized to \u2265\u00a01 common food allergen at 1\u00a0year. Enterobacteriaceae were overrepresented and Bacteroidaceae were underrepresented in the gut microbiota of food\u2010sensitized infants at 3\u00a0months and 1\u00a0year, whereas lower microbiota richness was evident only at 3\u00a0months. Each quartile increase in richness at 3\u00a0months was associated with a 55% reduction in risk for food sensitization by 1\u00a0year (adjusted odds ratio 0.45, 95% confidence interval 0.23\u20130.87). Independently, each quartile increase in Enterobacteriaceae\/Bacteroidaceae ratio was associated with a twofold increase in risk (2.02, 1.07\u20133.80). These associations were upheld in a sensitivity analysis among infants who were vaginally delivered, exclusively breastfed and unexposed to antibiotics. At 1\u00a0year, the Enterobacteriaceae\/Bacteroidaceae ratio remained elevated among sensitized infants, who also tended to have decreased abundance of Ruminococcaceae.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low gut microbiota richness and an elevated Enterobacteriaceae\/Bacteroidaceae ratio in early infancy are associated with subsequent food sensitization, suggesting that early gut colonization may contribute to the development of atopic disease, including food allergy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,20]],"date-time":"2015-01-20T07:28:37Z","timestamp":1421738917000},"page":"632-643","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":446,"title":["Infant gut microbiota and food sensitization: associations in the first year of life"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5942-4444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. B.","family":"Azad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics School of Public Health University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics &amp; Child Health Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Konya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. S.","family":"Guttman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. J.","family":"Field","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural, Food &amp; Nutritional Science University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. R.","family":"Sears","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. T.","family":"HayGlass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. J.","family":"Mandhane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics School of Public Health University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. E.","family":"Turvey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Child &amp; Family Research Institute BC Children's Hospital University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Subbarao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Hospital for Sick Children University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. B.","family":"Becker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics &amp; Child Health Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. A.","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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