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It is thought that autoimmunity is a common cause of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSU<\/jats:styled-content>, which is often associated with autoimmune thyroiditis, whereas the link to other autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLE<\/jats:styled-content>) has not been carefully explored. Here, we systematically reviewed the existing literature for information on the prevalence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSU<\/jats:styled-content> in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLE<\/jats:styled-content> (and vice versa) and we examined the possible clinical and pathogenetic relationship between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSU<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLE<\/jats:styled-content>. The prevalence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSU<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSU<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010like rash in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLE<\/jats:styled-content> was investigated by 42 independent studies and comorbidity in adult patients reportedly ranged from 0% to 21.9% and 0.4% to 27.5%, respectively (urticarial vasculitis: 0\u201320%). In children with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLE<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> CSU<\/jats:styled-content> was reported in 0\u20131.2% and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSU<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010like rash in 4.5\u201312% (urticarial vasculitis: 0\u20132.2%). In contrast, little information is available on the prevalence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLE<\/jats:styled-content> in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSU<\/jats:styled-content>, and more studies are needed to determine the rate of comorbidity. Recent insights on IgG\u2010 and IgE\u2010mediated autoreactivity suggest similarities in the pathogenesis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSU<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLE<\/jats:styled-content> linking inflammation and autoimmunity with the activation of the complement and coagulation system. Future studies of patients with either or both conditions could help to better define common pathomechanisms in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSU<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLE<\/jats:styled-content> and to develop novel targeted treatment options for patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSU<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLE<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12673","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,7]],"date-time":"2015-11-07T03:21:12Z","timestamp":1446866472000},"page":"275-287","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Comorbidity and pathogenic links of chronic spontaneous urticaria and systemic lupus erythematosus \u2013 a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"P.","family":"Kolkhir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Moscow Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Pogorelov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Moscow Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Olisova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Moscow Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Maurer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charit\u00e9\u2013Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12313"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2010.02496.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-013-0366-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2010.0103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-001-0044-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12056"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000235301"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000345401"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12124"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.04.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2014.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1999.02815.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2005.02039.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","first-page":"402","article-title":"Association between chronic urticaria and thyroid autoimmunity","volume":"16","author":"Cebeci F","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.01.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-205139"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2012.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-1004.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.53189"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203310367656"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","first-page":"539","article-title":"Cutaneous manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus in Pakistani patients","volume":"53","author":"Rabbani MA","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/096120339700600304"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1996.tb03021.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(91)90057-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.1987.tb00108.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12524310"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus. 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