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While some research has revealed that these diseases might share important environmental and pathophysiological aspects, the exact mechanisms still remain unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To study the correlation firstly between depression or anxiety and asthma diagnosis in adult twins and secondly the association between parental depression or anxiety and offspring asthma in children of twins.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 24\u00a0685 adult twins aged 20\u201347\u00a0years were interviewed or completed a Web\u2010based questionnaire and their children were identified through the Multi\u2010Generation Register. Asthma diagnosis was obtained from the Patient Register and the Prescribed Drug Register. Assessment of depression and anxiety was obtained from questionnaires using Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CES<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010D), major depression and generalized anxiety disorder (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GAD<\/jats:styled-content>) from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DSM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content>. The association between depression or anxiety and asthma was analyzed with logistic regression adjusting for confounders in twins and offspring. To address genetic and familial environmental confounding, we performed a cotwin analysis using disease\u2010discordant twin pairs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found an association between asthma and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CES<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010D, major depression and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GAD<\/jats:styled-content>, for example adjusted <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content> for major depression and register\u2010based asthma 1.56 (1.36\u20131.79). Most of the point estimates remained in the co\u2010twin control analysis, indicating that the association was likely not due to genetic or familial environmental factors. There was no association between parental depression and\/or anxiety and asthma diagnosis in the offspring which implies lack of genetic confounding.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found an association between own asthma diagnosis and anxiety or depression, but not with offspring asthma. Our results indicate that the associations were not due to confounding from genes or environment shared by the twins.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12714","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,27]],"date-time":"2016-01-27T10:52:45Z","timestamp":1453891965000},"page":"803-812","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Depression or anxiety in adult twins is associated with asthma diagnosis but not with offspring asthma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"S. 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