{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T20:34:41Z","timestamp":1754598881527},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>A variety of different environmental exposure chambers (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EEC<\/jats:styled-content>s) have been used to evaluate treatments for allergic rhinitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe and test a system for a homogenous distribution of grass pollen, <jats:italic>Phleum Pratense<\/jats:italic>, in an <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EEC<\/jats:styled-content> to be used for controlled pollen exposure studies in allergic participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A chamber made of stainless steel with completely rounded corners, seating four individuals at a time, was used. Room pressure, temperature, humidity and the air change rate were kept constant throughout the study period.<\/jats:p><jats:p>A rotating pipette dispensed a uniform supply of pollen into a turntable's v\u2010shaped grooves. A stainless steel capillary tube sucked the pollens into a venturi throat at which time the pollens were mixed with a high\u2010pressure airstream of compressed high\u2010efficiency particulate arrestance filtered air and then transported to a spreading plate inside the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EEC<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><jats:p>To achieve uniform concentrations in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EEC<\/jats:styled-content>, the turntable's rotating speed was continuously adjusted using information from video\u2010coupled feedback and feed forward mechanisms. Pollen levels were detected using standard volumetric air samplers and laser particle counters. The target pollen exposure level was 1000 pollens\/m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>. Twenty\u2010one participants were exposed to pollens in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EEC<\/jats:styled-content> twice for 210 min. Participants evaluated their symptoms every 30 min using a total nasal symptom score (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNSS<\/jats:styled-content>) consisting of blocked nose, runny nose, nasal itching and sneezing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Across fifteen study days, the average pollen level was 982 pollens\/m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> (SD, 102 pollens\/m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>). On average, participants experienced a 10% difference in overall pollen levels between their two visits to the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EEC<\/jats:styled-content>. The mean <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNSS<\/jats:styled-content>s rose throughout the exposure period, with a low at baseline of 0.43 (SD, 0.68) to a high of 4.71 (SD, 2.43) just before exiting the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EEC<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>This <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EEC<\/jats:styled-content> provides a reproducible, precise and homogenous distribution of pollens making it suitable for single\u2010centre allergy clinical trials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,4]],"date-time":"2016-05-04T15:06:25Z","timestamp":1462374385000},"page":"1176-1184","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Method for a homogeneous distribution of pollens in an environmental exposure chamber"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"P.","family":"Kenney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Section for Environment Occupation and Health Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Rhinix ApS Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"B\u00f8nl\u00f8kke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Section for Environment Occupation and Health Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Hilberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergology Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Ravn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Section for Environment Occupation and Health Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Schl\u00fcnssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Section for Environment Occupation and Health Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"National Research Center for the Working Environment Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Sigsgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Section for Environment Occupation and Health Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) 2008 update (in collaboration with the World Health Organization, GA(2)LEN and AllerGen)","volume":"63","author":"Bousquet J","year":"2008","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)62671-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)62543-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.118891"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2007.28.2934"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60130-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2005.00099.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Guidance for Industry. 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