{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T05:04:06Z","timestamp":1783400646081,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,21]],"date-time":"2017-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1492732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004590","name":"Helse Midt-Norge","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004590","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009123","name":"Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009123","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the randomized, controlled study Probiotics in the Prevention of Allergy among Children in Trondheim (ProPACT), maternal probiotic supplementation reduced the incidence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in the offspring. In the current study, we hypothesized that the effect was mediated by a shift in the T helper (Th) cells in the children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine whether Th cell proportions were affected by maternal probiotic supplementation and thus could mediate the preventive effect of probiotics on AD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 415 pregnant women were randomized to ingest a combination of <jats:italic>Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG<\/jats:italic> (LGG), <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb\u201012<\/jats:italic> (Bb\u201012) and <jats:italic>Lactobacillus acidophilus La\u20105<\/jats:italic> (La\u20105) or placebo, and their offspring were assessed for AD during the first 2\u00a0years of life. Peripheral blood collected at 3\u00a0months of age was analysed for regulatory T cells (n=140) and Th subsets (n=77) including Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17 and Th22.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The proportion of Th22 cells was reduced in children in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group (median 0.038% vs 0.064%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=.009). The difference between the probiotic and placebo groups was also observed in the children who did not develop AD during the 2\u2010year follow\u2010up. The proportion of Th22 cells was increased in children who developed AD compared to the children who did not develop AD (0.090% vs 0.044%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;.001). Mediation analysis indicated that the preventive effect of probiotics was partially mediated through the reduction in Th22 cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Perinatal maternal probiotic supplementation with a combination of LGG, Bb\u201012 and La\u20105 reduced the proportion of Th22 cells in 3\u2010month\u2010old children. This may partially explain the preventive effect of probiotics on AD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,27]],"date-time":"2017-03-27T15:27:30Z","timestamp":1490628450000},"page":"1014-1021","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Reduced Th22 cell proportion and prevention of atopic dermatitis in infants following maternal probiotic supplementation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"A. D. B.","family":"R\u00f8","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Nursing Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine St Olavs Hospital Trondheim University Hospital Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2763-6343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. R.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Nursing Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. B.","family":"R\u00f8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics St Olavs Hospital Trondheim University Hospital Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Storr\u00f8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Nursing Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Johnsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Nursing Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Videm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine St Olavs Hospital Trondheim University Hospital Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"\u00d8ien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Nursing Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69283-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0b013e328360ed66"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12496"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.09889.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12895-015-0030-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00353"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1767"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2012.40"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12184"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2009.00890.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2011.02767.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.05.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12288"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12198"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad9378"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200535244"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1225152"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Mechanism of action of probiotic bacteria on intestinal and systemic immunities and antigen\u2010presenting cells","author":"Fong FL","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Rev Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2011.07.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-016-0727-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0094504"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.03.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2008.03061.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2010.02507.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2006.00483.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1994.tb08530.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2000.03300.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.6.1173"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0036434"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","unstructured":"EmsleyRA LiuA.PARAMED: Stata module to perform causal mediation analysis using parametric regression models 2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","volume-title":"Explanation in Causal Inference: Methods for Mediation and Interaction","author":"Vanderweele TJ","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000781"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2011.03941.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1412008111"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12883"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10400.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.6.3695"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.09.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The genetics and epigenetics of atopic dermatitis\u2014filaggrin and other polymorphisms","author":"Liang Y","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"}],"container-title":["Clinical &amp; Experimental Allergy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcea.12930","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cea.12930","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T08:01:19Z","timestamp":1696233679000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cea.12930"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,21]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cea.12930"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cea.12930","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-7894","1365-2222"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-7894","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2222","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,21]]}}}