{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T10:51:27Z","timestamp":1761562287563,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,20]],"date-time":"2017-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1508457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"DBV Technologies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EGID<\/jats:styled-content>s) are hypersensitivity disorders frequently triggered by food allergy and manifested by mucosal eosinophilic infiltration at any level of the gastrointestinal tract. This study established a model of gastric eosinophilia in peanut\u2010sensitized piglets to evaluate the efficacy of epicutaneous immunotherapy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EPIT<\/jats:styled-content>) for its treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Experiments were carried out in piglets first sensitized by three intra\u2010peritoneal injections of peanut protein extract (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPE<\/jats:styled-content>) with adjuvant, and then given<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPE<\/jats:styled-content>orally for 10\u00a0days, a sequence leading to gastric eosinophilia assessed by endoscopy. For 3\u00a0months, eight piglets received active<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EPIT<\/jats:styled-content>, using Viaskin<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>loaded with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPE<\/jats:styled-content>, applied daily on the ear, while eight received placebo<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EPIT<\/jats:styled-content>(Placebo). Piglets were exposed to a second 10\u2010day period of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPE<\/jats:styled-content>orally. Lesions were scored by endoscopy on the last day of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPE<\/jats:styled-content>exposure. After killing, all parts of the digestive tract were analysed by a pathologist unaware of the piglets\u2019 status. IgE response was measured, and mechanistic parameters were analysed in the spleen.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After sensitization, a significant increase of total IgE was observed in sensitized compared to naive animals (61.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a013.3 vs 27.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06\u00a0ng\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01). Following oral intake of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPE<\/jats:styled-content>, sensitized piglets developed moderate gastritis compared to naive piglets (1.5 vs 1.0, median score). After 3\u00a0months of immunotherapy, median IgE was significantly reduced in<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EPIT<\/jats:styled-content>vs placebo piglets (61.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a016.3 vs 105.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a025.6\u00a0ng\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01). Active<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EPIT<\/jats:styled-content>significantly reduced gastric mucosal lesions induced by<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPE<\/jats:styled-content>oral intake (macroscopic score 0 [0\u20102] vs 2 [1\u20103],<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.01, respectively, active vs placebo) and gastric mucosa eosinophils counts (239 eosinophils\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>[59\u2010645] vs 2554 eosinophils\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>[462\u20108057],<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.01, respectively active vs placebo).<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GATA<\/jats:styled-content>\u20103,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105 and eotaxin<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRNA<\/jats:styled-content>expression decreased significantly after<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EPIT<\/jats:styled-content>(<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study describes a large animal model of gastric eosinophil in peanut\u2010sensitized piglets. Utilizing this model, we demonstrated the efficacy of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EPIT<\/jats:styled-content>in treating peanut\u2010induced<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EGID<\/jats:styled-content>s.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.13037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,28]],"date-time":"2017-09-28T16:20:47Z","timestamp":1506615647000},"page":"1640-1647","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Treatment of gastric eosinophilia by epicutaneous immunotherapy in piglets sensitized to peanuts"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0110-0321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Mondoulet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"DBV Technologies Montrouge France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Kalach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00f4pital Saint Vincent de Paul, GHICL Lille France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Dhelft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DBV Technologies Montrouge France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Larcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"APEX INRA Nantes France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Delayre\u2010Orthez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle Beauvais France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. H.","family":"Benhamou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DBV Technologies Montrouge France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Spergel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. 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