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After 6, 12 and 24\u00a0hours, mice were killed, peritoneal lavage performed and inflammatory changes investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tryptase stimulated an increase in neutrophil numbers in the peritoneum, but responses did not differ between<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAR<\/jats:styled-content>2\u2010deficient and wild\u2010type mice. Heat inactivation of tryptase or pre\u2010incubation with a selective tryptase inhibitor reduced neutrophilia, but neutrophil accumulation was not elicited with a peptide agonist of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAR<\/jats:styled-content>2 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLIGRL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NH<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>). Zymography indicated that tryptase stimulated the release of matrix metalloproteinases (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>) 2 and 9 in the peritoneum of both mouse strains. Studies involving immunomagnetic isolation of neutrophils suggested that neutrophils represent the major cellular source of tryptase\u2010induced<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>2 and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>9. At 24\u00a0hours after tryptase injection, there was increased microvascular leakage as indicated by high levels of albumin in peritoneal lavage fluid, and this appeared to be partially abolished by heat\u2010inactivating tryptase or addition of a protease inhibitor. There was no corresponding increase in levels of histamine or total protein. The extent of tryptase\u2010induced microvascular leakage or gelatinase release into the peritoneum did not differ between<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAR<\/jats:styled-content>2\u2010deficient and wild\u2010type mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings indicate that tryptase is a potent stimulus for neutrophil accumulation,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>release and microvascular leakage. Although these actions required an intact catalytic site, the primary mechanism of tryptase in\u00a0vivo would appear to involve processes independent of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAR<\/jats:styled-content>2.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.13108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,31]],"date-time":"2018-01-31T12:23:12Z","timestamp":1517401392000},"page":"555-567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Neutrophilia, gelatinase release and microvascular leakage induced by human mast cell tryptase in a mouse model: Lack of a role of protease\u2010activated receptor 2 (<scp>PAR<\/scp>2)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"M. E. M. 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