{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T10:55:02Z","timestamp":1782212102829,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,27]],"date-time":"2020-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001828","name":"Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001828","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Epstein\u2010Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection are common in early childhood. CMV infection favours a T\u2010helper\u20101 and EBV infection a T\u2010helper\u20102 cell response, possibly leading to disbalanced T\u2010helper cell response, and subsequent risk of asthma or atopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To study the associations of EBV and CMV with lung function, asthma and inhalant allergic sensitization at school age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study among 3546 children was embedded in a population\u2010based prospective cohort. At age 6\u00a0years, serum IgG levels against EBV and CMV were measured by ELISA. At age 10\u00a0years, lung function was measured by spirometry, asthma by questionnaire and inhalant allergic sensitization by skin prick test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Unadjusted models showed that seropositivity for EBV was associated with a higher FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and FEF<jats:sub>75<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\u2010score difference (95% CI): 0.09 (0.02, 0.16) and 0.09 (0.02, 0.15)), while seropositivity for CMV was not. Specific combinations of viruses showed that seropositivity for EBV was only associated with FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and FEF<jats:sub>75<\/jats:sub> in the presence of seropositivity for CMV (0.12 (0.04, 0.20)) and 0.08 (0.01, 0.15)). Seropositivity for CMV in the absence of seropositivity for EBV was associated with an increased risk of inhalant allergic sensitization (OR (95% CI): 1.31 (1.02, 1.68)). All effect estimates attenuated into non\u2010significant mainly after adjustment for child's ethnicity. Seropositivity for EBV or CMV was not associated with asthma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Associations of EBV and CMV infections in early childhood with school\u2010age lung function and inhalant allergic sensitization are explained by ethnicity, or sociodemographic and lifestyle\u2010related factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.13579","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,10]],"date-time":"2020-02-10T02:59:37Z","timestamp":1581303577000},"page":"499-507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The influence of Epstein\u2010Barr virus and cytomegalovirus on childhood respiratory health: A population\u2010based prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0826-9931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evelien R.","family":"van Meel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Generation R Study Group Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology Department of Pediatrics Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent W. V.","family":"Jaddoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Generation R Study Group Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irwin K. M.","family":"Reiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology Department of Pediatrics Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4161-1919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Menno C.","family":"van Zelm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical School Monash University and the Alfred Hospital Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan C.","family":"de Jongste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology Department of Pediatrics Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henri\u00ebtte A.","family":"Moll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6731-9452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liesbeth","family":"Duijts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology Department of Pediatrics Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Division of Neonatology Department of Pediatrics Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.02.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000076510.41038.a8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.04.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"1898","volume-title":"Fields Virology","author":"Longnecker RM","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"1960","volume-title":"Fields Virology","author":"Mocarski ES","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"1969","volume-title":"Feigin and Cherry's Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases","author":"Harrison GJ","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-014-8496-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.5VMAB0616-283R"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fvl.12.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI8229"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv369"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.10.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0014013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02382-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01865"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.13093"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-016-0224-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00080312"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201703-0631OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00034805"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.95.08030483"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12889"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","volume-title":"BSI Brief Symptom Inventory, Administration, Scoring, and Procedures Manual","author":"Derogatis LR","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13233"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.09.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2009.01062.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000220549.14177.60"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3857"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05762"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0064921"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268808000551"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2016.00093"}],"container-title":["Clinical &amp; 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