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Despite its success, it does not always provide patients with significant clinical benefits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the transcriptional variations between omalizumab responders and non\u2010responders and to study the mechanisms of action of omalizumab.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The whole blood transcriptomes of moderate\u2010to\u2010severe adult asthma patients (N\u00a0=\u00a045:34 responders and 11 non\u2010responders) were analysed over the course of omalizumab treatment. Non\u2010asthmatic healthy controls (N\u00a0=\u00a017) were used as controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Transcriptome variations between responders and non\u2010responders were identified using the genes significant (FDR\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) in at least one comparison of each patient response status and time point compared with control subjects. Using gene ontology and network analysis, eight clusters of genes were identified. Longitudinal analyses of individual clusters revealed that responders could maintain changes induced with omalizumab treatment and become more similar to the control subjects, while non\u2010responders tend to remain more similar to their pre\u2010treatment baseline. Further analysis of an inflammatory gene cluster revealed that genes associated with neutrophil\/eosinophil activities were up\u2010regulated in non\u2010responders and, more importantly, omalizumab did not significantly alter their expression levels. The application of modular analysis supported our findings and further revealed variations between responders and non\u2010responders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides not only transcriptional variations between omalizumab responders and non\u2010responders, but also molecular insights for controlling asthma by omalizumab.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.13671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]],"date-time":"2020-05-30T02:06:38Z","timestamp":1590804398000},"page":"1017-1034","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Whole blood transcriptional variations between responders and non\u2010responders in asthma patients receiving omalizumab"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9813-3949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine","family":"Upchurch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor University Institute for Biomedical Studies  Waco TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Wiest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor University Institute for Biomedical Studies  Waco TX USA"},{"name":"Department of Immunology Mayo Clinic  Scottsdale AZ USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Cardenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Institute for Immunology Research  Dallas TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Skinner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Institute for Immunology Research  Dallas TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Durgha","family":"Nattami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Institute for Immunology Research  Dallas TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bobby","family":"Lanier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Texas Institute for Clinical Trials  Ft Worth TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Millard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Martha Foster Lung Care Center Baylor University Medical Center  Dallas TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HyeMee","family":"Joo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor University Institute for Biomedical Studies  Waco TX USA"},{"name":"Department of Immunology Mayo Clinic  Scottsdale AZ USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics Stephen F. 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