{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T20:40:37Z","timestamp":1787344837959,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]],"date-time":"2021-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The heterogeneity of childhood atopic dermatitis (AD) underscores the need to understand latent phenotypes that may inform risk stratification and disease prognostication.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To identify AD trajectories across the first 8\u00a0years of life and investigate risk factors associated with each trajectory and their relationships with other comorbidities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were collected prospectively from 1152\u00a0mother\u2010offspring dyads in the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) cohort from ages 3\u00a0months to 8\u00a0years. AD was defined based on parent\u2010reported doctor's diagnosis. An unsupervised machine learning technique was used to determine AD trajectories.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three AD trajectories were identified as follows: early\u2010onset transient (6.3%), late\u2010onset persistent (6.3%) and early\u2010onset persistent (2.1%), alongside a no AD\/reference group (85.2%). Early\u2010onset transient AD was positively associated with male gender, family history of atopy, house dust mite sensitization and some measures of wheezing. Early\u2010onset persistent AD was associated with antenatal\/intrapartum antibiotic use, food sensitization and some measures of wheezing. Late\u2010onset persistent AD was associated with a family history of atopy, some measures of house dust mite sensitization and some measures of allergic rhinitis and wheezing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three AD trajectories were identified in this birth cohort, with different risk factors and prognostic implications. Further work is needed to understand the molecular and immunological origins of these phenotypes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.13993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]],"date-time":"2021-07-26T17:34:01Z","timestamp":1627320841000},"page":"1195-1206","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Atopic dermatitis trajectories to age 8 years in the GUSTO cohort"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1161-8845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noor H. 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