{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,5]],"date-time":"2026-07-05T04:18:48Z","timestamp":1783225128668,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,4]],"date-time":"2021-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,4]],"date-time":"2021-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635984000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine whether treatment effectiveness can be established for a range of vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) interventions in adolescents and adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review of the literature and risk of bias appraisal was completed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools. Data were qualitatively synthesized in the broad intervention groups of glottic airway and respiratory retraining, pharmacological therapies, airway device therapies and psychological therapies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nine electronic databases, two clinical trial registries and the grey literature were searched from inception to September 2021 for articles on VCD interventions or equivalent terms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Eligibility criteria<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Studies were included if they were randomized controlled trials, non\u2010randomized controlled trials, quasi\u2010experimental pre\u2010 and post\u2010test studies and within\u2010subject repeated measure designs, participants were 13\u00a0years or older, VCD was diagnosed using laryngoscopy or CT larynx, VCD intervention was provided and outcome measures reported on VCD symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The search yielded no randomized controlled trials. There were 17 quasi\u2010experimental studies that met the eligibility criteria, and these studies reported on glottic airway and respiratory retraining, botulinum toxin injections, inspiratory muscle strength training and amitriptyline; all were associated with VCD symptom reduction. In addition, 2 within\u2010subject repeated measure studies reported inspiratory muscle strength training and respiratory retraining to be effective in reducing symptoms in participants with exertional VCD. The included studies were reported in full\u2010text publications (11) and conference proceedings (8). There was a high risk of bias and low quality of evidence across all intervention areas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Glottic airway and respiratory retraining, botulinum toxin injections, low\u2010dose amitriptyline and inspiratory muscle strength training devices have been associated with symptom reduction in adults and adolescents with vocal cord dysfunction. Limited objective data exist to support the effectiveness of these interventions, and robust controlled trials are needed in this area.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic Review Registration: CRD42018092274 (PROSPERO).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.14036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T12:40:20Z","timestamp":1635252020000},"page":"387-404","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Treatment effectiveness for Vocal Cord Dysfunction in adults and adolescents: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7970-3849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janine","family":"Mahoney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech Pathology LaTrobe University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Speech Pathology Department The Alfred  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Hew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service The Alfred  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Vertigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech Pathology John Hunter Hospital  Newcastle New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health University of Newcastle  Newcastle New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Hunter Medical Research Institute  Newcastle New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Oates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech Pathology LaTrobe University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.129.4.905"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.152.4.7551399"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2016.37.3936"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000316405"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.369"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JAA.S6673"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12271"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/PCC.v01n0203"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.46.6.401"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2017.09.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2005.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2014.00082"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2015_AJSLP-14-0120"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001577-199305040-00020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-011-1330-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2007.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","unstructured":"TufanaruC MunnZ AromatarisE CampbellJ HoppL.Chapter 3: Systematic reviews of effectiveness. 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