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The aim of this study was to investigate eczema development from infancy to early adulthood by identifying distinct developmental trajectories that describe disease patterns over time and evaluate the role of prenatal and early\u2010life risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Isle of Wight Birth Cohort (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01456) was prospectively assessed at birth, 1, 2, 4, 10, 18 and 26\u00a0years. In all assessments, eczema was defined as chronic or chronically relapsing itchy dermatitis lasting &gt;6\u00a0weeks with characteristic morphology and distribution in the past 12\u00a0months. Developmental trajectories of eczema between 1 or 2 and 26\u00a0years were identified separately for males and females by applying semiparametric mixture models. Associations were assessed by applying a modified Poisson regression to estimate adjusted risk ratios (aRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In both males and females, the following eczema developmental trajectories were identified: unaffected\/transient (males: 77.7% vs. females: 73.0%), mid\u2010onset late\u2010resolving (males: 7.8% vs. females: 4.4%), late\u2010onset (males: 5.2% vs. females: 9.5%) and early\u2010onset persistent (males: 9.3% vs. females: 5.4%). In females, an additional trajectory was identified as follows: early\u2010onset early\u2010resolving (7.7%). Among males, filaggrin gene (\n                      <jats:italic>FLG<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) variants (aRR\u00a0=\u00a02.45, 95% CI: 1.34\u20134.46) and paternal eczema (2.66, 1.39\u20135.08) were associated with the early\u2010onset persistent trajectory. Among females, maternal eczema (2.84, 1.42\u20135.70) and high birthweight (2.25, 1.08\u20134.69) were associated with the early\u2010onset persistent trajectory.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four and five trajectories represented eczema development among males and females, respectively, with different predisposing risk factors. Our results indicate that males and females may experience a different course of eczema.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.14068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T01:59:29Z","timestamp":1638410369000},"page":"416-425","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Sex\u2010specific developmental trajectories of eczema from infancy to age 26 years: A birth cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3099-4424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali H.","family":"Ziyab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences Faculty of Medicine Kuwait University  Safat 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