{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T10:13:32Z","timestamp":1785838412692,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]],"date-time":"2022-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647216000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI134952"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI134952"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DC016645"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DC016645"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23DC012067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23DC012067"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Polyps from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) contain increased levels of autoreactive antibodies, B cells and fibrin deposition. Anti\u2010phospholipid antibodies (APA) are autoantibodies known to cause thrombosis but have not been implicated in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare APA levels (anti\u2010cardiolipin, anti\u2010phosphatidylethanolamine (anti\u2010PE), and anti\u2010\u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010glycoprotein (anti\u2010B2GP)) in nasal polyp (NP) tissue with tissue from control and CRS without nasal polyp (CRSsNP) patients, we tested whether NP antibodies affect coagulation, and correlate APAs with anti\u2010dsDNA IgG and markers of coagulation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patient specimens were assayed for APA IgG, anti\u2010dsDNA IgG and thrombin\u2010anti\u2010thrombin (TaT) complex by ELISA. Antibodies from a subset of specimens were tested for modified activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) measured on an optical\u2010mechanical coagulometer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anti\u2010cardiolipin IgG in NP was 5\u2010fold higher than control tissue (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.0001). NP antibodies prolonged aPTT compared to control tissue antibodies at 400\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL (36.7\u00a0s vs. 33.8\u00a0s, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.024) and 600\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL (40.9\u00a0s vs. 34.7\u00a0s, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.0037). Anti\u2010PE IgG antibodies were increased in NP (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.027), but anti\u2010B2GP IgG was not significantly higher (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.084). All APAs correlated with anti\u2010dsDNA IgG levels, which were also elevated (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.77, .71 and .54, respectively, for anti\u2010cardiolipin, anti\u2010PE, and anti\u2010B2GP; all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001), but only anti\u2010cardiolipin (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.50, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.0185) and anti\u2010PE (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.45, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.037) correlated with TaT complex levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>APA IgG antibodies are increased in NP and correlate with autoreactive tissue antibodies. NP antibodies have in vitro anti\u2010coagulant activity similar to those observed in anti\u2010phospholipid syndrome, suggesting that they may have pro\u2010coagulant effects in polyp tissue.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.14120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]],"date-time":"2022-03-07T06:35:04Z","timestamp":1646634904000},"page":"954-964","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Anti\u2010phospholipid antibodies are elevated and functionally active in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3727-8287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacob G.","family":"Eide","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffanie","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Whitney W.","family":"Stevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Department of Allergy and Immunology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junqin","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songwang","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia H.","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Rosenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Utz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Immunity Transplantation, and Infection Stanford School of Medicine  Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Shintani\u2010Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David B.","family":"Conley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin C.","family":"Welch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert C.","family":"Kern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn E.","family":"Hulse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy and Immunology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anju T.","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy and Immunology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leslie C.","family":"Grammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy and Immunology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Lindholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert P.","family":"Schleimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Department of Allergy and Immunology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9210-5050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruce K.","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Department of Allergy and Immunology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2012.26.3741"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-009-0031-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","volume-title":"Cummings Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery","author":"Flint P","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.01.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12878"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.08.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0b013e3283350053"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201207\u20101292OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2011.25.3535"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2019.08.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2015.29.4183"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0049\u20103848(17)30066\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hoc.2007.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rap\/rkaa081"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.067314"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538\u20107836.2006.01753.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1714027115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1160\/TH06-10-0604"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21695"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci80477"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00138"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.01.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2018.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.06.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.05.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2012.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1112830"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci117657"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","first-page":"474","article-title":"Lupus anticoagulants and thrombosis: the role of phospholipids","volume":"82","author":"Esmon NL","year":"1997","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.103"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Crossreactivity of antiphospholipid antibodies","volume":"16","author":"Harris EN","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Clin Lab Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","first-page":"269","article-title":"Evaluation of the cross\u2010reaction between anti\u2010DNA and anti\u2010cardiolipin antibodies in SLE and experimental animals","volume":"65","author":"Eilat D","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","first-page":"18","article-title":"Use of monoclonal antibodies to identify shared idiotypes on anticardiolipin and anti\u2010DNA antibodies in human sera","volume":"70","author":"Valesini G","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0500132102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.13229"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.014175"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","first-page":"234","article-title":"Anti\u2010dsDNA specific antibody secreting cells are increased in both frequency and abundance in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps","volume":"204","author":"Bai J","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.04.024"}],"container-title":["Clinical &amp; Experimental Allergy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cea.14120","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/cea.14120","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cea.14120","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T20:16:46Z","timestamp":1692821806000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cea.14120"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cea.14120"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cea.14120","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-7894","1365-2222"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-7894","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2222","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-11-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-02-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-03-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}