{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T22:44:04Z","timestamp":1789512244667,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]],"date-time":"2022-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008743","name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n y Cultura","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008743","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Innate immune cells experience long lasting metabolic and epigenetic changes after an encounter with specific stimuli. This facilitates enhanced immune responses upon secondary exposition to both the same and unrelated pathogens, a process termed trained immunity. Trained immunity\u2010based vaccines (TIbV) are vaccines able to induce innate immune memory, thus conferring heterologous protection against a broad range of pathogens. While trained immunity has been well documented in the context of infections and multiple immune\u2010mediated diseases, the role of innate immune memory and its contribution to the initiation and maintenance of chronic allergic diseases remains poorly understood. Over the last years, different studies attempting to uncover the role of trained immunity in allergy have emerged. Exposition to environmental factors impacting allergy development such as allergens or viruses induces the reprogramming of innate immune cells to acquire a more pro\u2010inflammatory phenotype in the context of asthma or food allergy. Several studies have convincingly demonstrated that prevention of viral infections using TIbV contributes to reduce wheezing attacks in children, which represent a high\u2010risk factor for asthma development later in life. Innate immune cells trained with specific stimuli might also acquire anti\u2010inflammatory features and promote tolerance, which may have important implications for chronic inflammatory diseases such as allergies. Recent findings showed that allergoid\u2010mannan conjugates, which are next generation vaccines for allergen\u2010specific immunotherapy (AIT), are able to reprogram monocytes into tolerogenic dendritic cells by mechanisms depending on metabolic and epigenetic rewiring. A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of trained immunity in allergy will pave the way for the design of novel trained immunity\u2010based allergen vaccines as potential alternative strategies for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.14261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]],"date-time":"2022-12-09T23:40:53Z","timestamp":1670629253000},"page":"145-155","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["From trained immunity in allergy to trained\n                    <scp>immunity\u2010based<\/scp>\n                    allergen vaccines"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2546-1183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leticia","family":"Mart\u00edn\u2010Cruz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry Complutense 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