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We aimed to document serum EDN levels at 1 and 3\u2009years in general and in non\u2010atopic children, and explore if EDN levels differed by sex or were associated with preschool asthma at 3\u2009years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>From the PreventADALL birth cohort, we included 1233 children with EDN analysed using ImmunoCAP at 1 and\/or 3\u2009years. Non\u2010atopic children had no history of wheeze, asthma, allergic sensitization or atopic dermatitis. Preschool asthma was defined as having \u22653 episodes of bronchial obstruction between 2 and 3\u2009years, plus doctor diagnosed asthma and\/or asthma medication use by 3\u2009years. The upper limit of normal (ULN) of EDN was defined as the 95th percentile. With Youden Index we calculated EDN cut\u2010off levels for risk of preschool asthma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The overall median (ULN) EDN levels were 27.4 (121) \u03bcg\/L at 1\u2009year (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009787), and 20.1 (87.8) \u03bcg\/L at 3\u2009years (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009857). Non\u2010atopic children had EDN levels of 24.0 (107) \u03bcg\/L at 1\u2009year (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009147), and 17.3 (84.6) \u03bcg\/L at 3\u2009years (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009173). EDN levels were higher in boys compared to girls; 32.0 (133) versus 24.5 (97.0) \u03bcg\/L at 1\u2009year, and 20.9 (96.3) versus 19.0 (72.4) \u03bcg\/L at 3\u2009years. Preschool asthma was observed in 109\/892 (12.2%) children. Higher EDN levels at 1 (&gt;26.7\u2009\u03bcg\/L) and 3 (\u226520.5\u2009\u03bcg\/L) years were associated with preschool asthma; adjusted OR (95% CI) 2.20 (1.09, 4.41) and 4.68 (2.29, 9.55), respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>We report EDN values in early childhood, demonstrating higher levels at 1 compared to 3\u2009years and in boys compared to girls at both ages. Higher EDN levels at both ages were associated with preschool asthma. However, EDN cut\u2010off levels for preschool asthma were overall lower than the ULN of non\u2010atopic children, limiting translation into clinical practice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.14409","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T19:49:45Z","timestamp":1696535385000},"page":"1198-1211","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Eosinophil\u2010derived neurotoxin levels in early childhood and association with preschool asthma \u2013 A prospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2274-752X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"F\u00e4rdig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital Karolinska University Hospital  Stockholm 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Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guttorm","family":"Haugen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Oslo University Hospital  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine M.","family":"Jonassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science Norwegian University of Life Sciences  \u00c5s Norway"},{"name":"Genetic Unit, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, \u00d8stfold Hospital Trust  Kalnes Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Mov\u00e9rare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thermo Fisher Scientific  Uppsala Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva Maria","family":"Rehbinder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venerology Oslo University Hospital  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H\u00e5vard O.","family":"Skjerven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Oslo University Hospital  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne Cathrine","family":"Staff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Oslo University Hospital  Oslo 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