{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T21:44:10Z","timestamp":1789767850929,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":301,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,17]],"date-time":"2021-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639699200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648771200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["310030\u2010175470\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310030\u2010175470\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Neutrophilic dermatoses (ND) are a heterogeneous group of diseases, but can often have a relatively similar histological appearance.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To identify a combination of biomarkers allowing a better differentiation of ND types.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Biopsies were obtained from normal human skin (NS; n\u2009=\u20094), chronic plaque-type psoriasis (PsO; n\u2009=\u20097), paradoxical psoriasis (PP; n\u2009=\u20098), generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP; n\u2009=\u20099), subcorneal pustular dermatosis of Sneddon\u2013Wilkinson (SPD; n\u2009=\u20093), acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP; n\u2009=\u20093), hidradenitis suppurativa (HS; n\u2009=\u20097), Sweet syndrome (SS; n\u2009=\u20098) and pyoderma gangrenosum (PG; n\u2009=\u20098). Samples were analysed by immunofluorescence using three biomarkers, interleukin (IL)-17E, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase1, each one in combination with two cell markers, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and CD68, which allow the identification of neutrophils and macrophages, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We found that SS is characterized by high expression of IL-17E and iNOS in the epidermis, while PG exhibits low expression. The density of the neutrophil infiltrate helps to differentiate PP (high-density infiltrate) from PsO (low-density infiltrate). High expression of arginase1 in the granular layer of the epidermis is a hallmark of SPD. Finally, mature neutrophils and proinflammatory macrophages are readily detectable in PP, SPD and PG, whereas immature neutrophils and anti-inflammatory macrophages are more frequent in GPP, AGEP, HS and SS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The analysis of ND by immunofluorescence using IL-17E, iNOS and arginase1 in combination with MPO and CD68 allows for characterization of differential expression patterns in the epidermis as well as the determination of the polarization status of the dermal neutrophils and macrophages. The appropriate markers may help in the differentiation of ND in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.14988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T23:13:04Z","timestamp":1634771584000},"page":"675-683","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Interleukin-17E, inducible nitric oxide synthase and arginase1 as new biomarkers in the identification of neutrophilic dermatoses"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8513-1250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Stalder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Immunology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1591-1790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N.","family":"Brembilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Immunology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Conrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital CHUV Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Yawalkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Inselspital Bern University Hospital University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Navarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine University Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"WH.","family":"Boehncke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Immunology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland"},{"name":"Dermatology and Venereology University Hospitals of Geneva GenevaSwitzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Kaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Immunology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland"},{"name":"Dermatology and Venereology University Hospitals of Geneva GenevaSwitzerland"},{"name":"Clinical Pathology University Hospitals of Geneva Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-017-8621-8","article-title":"A comprehensive review of neutrophilic diseases","volume":"54","author":"Marzano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01059","article-title":"Mechanisms of inflammation in neutrophil-mediated skin diseases","volume":"10","author":"Marzano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-017-2753-2","article-title":"Partners in crime: neutrophils and monocytes\/macrophages in inflammation and disease","volume":"371","author":"Prame Kumar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-011-0787-1","article-title":"Myeloperoxidase and elastase are only expressed by neutrophils in normal and in inflamed liver","volume":"135","author":"Amanzada","year":"2011","journal-title":"Histochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2016.116","article-title":"CD68\/macrosialin: not just a histochemical marker","volume":"97","author":"Chistiakov","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.01.001","article-title":"Macrophage metabolism of apoptotic cell-derived arginine promotes continual efferocytosis and resolution of injury","volume":"31","author":"Yurdagul","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19061801","article-title":"Role of human macrophage polarization in inflammation during infectious diseases","volume":"19","author":"Atri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6656","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.11.6656","article-title":"Macrophages induce neutrophil apoptosis through membrane TNF, a process amplified by Leishmania major","volume":"176","author":"Allenbach","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2629","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI124616","article-title":"More friend than foe: the emerging role of neutrophils in tissue repair","volume":"129","author":"Peiseler","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00419","article-title":"The role of macrophages in acute and chronic wound healing and interventions to promote pro-wound healing phenotypes","volume":"9","author":"Krzyszczyk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1827","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1700739","article-title":"Arginase1 deficiency in monocytes\/macrophages upregulates inducible nitric oxide synthase to promote cutaneous contact hypersensitivity","volume":"199","author":"Suwanpradid","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2017.02.076","article-title":"Expression of iNOS, CD163 and ARG-1 taken as M1 and M2 markers of microglial polarization in human glioblastoma and the surrounding normal parenchyma","volume":"645","author":"Lisi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.01146","article-title":"Tumor associated neutrophils. their role in tumorigenesis, metastasis, prognosis and therapy","volume":"9","author":"Masucci","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00938","article-title":"Myeloid cell-derived arginase in cancer immune response","volume":"11","author":"Grzywa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00532","article-title":"An attempt to polarize human neutrophils toward N1 and N2 phenotypes in\u00a0vitro","volume":"11","author":"Ohms","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1970","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.06.009","article-title":"Keratinocyte-derived IL-17E contributes to inflammation in psoriasis","volume":"136","author":"Senra","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.01.006","article-title":"Histologic comparison of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 inhibitor\u2013induced psoriasis and psoriasis vulgaris","volume":"83","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2016.6092","article-title":"Clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular features of histiocytoid Sweet syndrome","volume":"153","author":"Alegr\u00eda-Landa","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8056","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-64841-4","article-title":"Circulating and tumor-infiltrating arginase 1-expressing cells in gastric adenocarcinoma patients were mainly immature and monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells","volume":"10","author":"Ren","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2009.06.017","article-title":"Polarization of tumor-associated neutrophil phenotype by TGF-beta: \"N1\" versus \"N2\" TAN","volume":"16","author":"Fridlender","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1980","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01980","article-title":"Inefficient N2-Like neutrophils are promoted by androgens during infection","volume":"9","author":"Scalerandi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.16600","article-title":"Collagen deposition in chronic hidradenitis suppurativa: potential role for CD163(+) macrophages","volume":"179","author":"Byrd","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1111\/imcb.12236","article-title":"Macrophages in wound healing: activation and plasticity","volume":"97","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunol Cell Biol"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2016.5685","article-title":"Myeloid-derived suppressor cells are elevated in patients with psoriasis and produce various molecules","volume":"14","author":"Ilkovitch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2020.07.001","article-title":"Myeloperoxidase modulates inflammation in generalized pustular psoriasis and additional rare pustular skin diseases","volume":"107","author":"Haskamp","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"2023012704194839100_ced14988-bib-0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.5507\/bp.2018.015","article-title":"M1\/M2 macrophage polarization in human obese adipose tissue","volume":"162","author":"Chylikova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ced.14988","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ced.14988","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ced\/article-pdf\/47\/4\/675\/46942028\/ced0675.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ced\/article-pdf\/47\/4\/675\/46942028\/ced0675.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T04:43:17Z","timestamp":1674794597000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ced\/article\/47\/4\/675\/6693153"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ced.14988","relation":{},"ISSN":["1365-2230","0307-6938"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1365-2230","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0307-6938","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-08-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-10-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-12-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}