{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T04:11:43Z","timestamp":1777349503529,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,4]],"date-time":"2013-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>B-1 cells are innate-like lymphocytes characterized by spontaneous production of \u2018natural\u2019 polyspecific antibodies, often of self-specificity, and thought to be responsible for tissue homeostasis, mucosal protection, maintaining resting serum immunoglobulin (Ig)M levels and for early immunoglobulin production following infection. Although defined most clearly in mice, a human B-1 cell counterpart, defined by the phenotype CD19 or 20+CD27+CD43+CD69 or 70\u2013, has been proposed recently, facilitating a study of their role in human humoral immunodeficiencies, such as common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). This study examined circulating B-1 cells in 27 CVID patients in comparison to age-matched controls (n\u2009=\u200928). Phenotypic putative B-1 cell proportions varied widely, but there was an overall 60\u201370% decrease in CVID (0\u00b7039\u2009\u00b1\u20090\u00b7033% of lymphocytes, mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009standard deviation) compared with controls (0\u00b7110\u2009\u00b1\u20090\u00b7159% of lymphocytes, P\u2009=\u20090\u00b70012). This decrease was, however, explained largely by concomitant loss of total CD27+ memory B cells characteristic of CVID, although those with higher memory B cell proportions appeared to show a true decrease. No age-related effects were apparent in B-1 cell proportions. However, among CVID patients, there was a strong positive correlation between the B-1 cell proportion and serum IgM levels, a relationship that was not evident for IgA, nor was there a relationship between memory B cell proportions and serum IgM. Patients with CVID have fewer circulating putative phenotypic B-1 cells, which largely reflected the overall decrease in memory B cells. However, B-1 cell proportions correlated with resting serum IgM levels, suggesting a possible role in IgM deficiency in CVID.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,24]],"date-time":"2012-10-24T22:58:14Z","timestamp":1351119494000},"page":"278-282","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Circulating phenotypic B-1 cells are decreased in common variable immunodeficiency and correlate with immunoglobulin M levels"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"171","author":[{"given":"K","family":"Kraljevic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunopathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D A","family":"Fulcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Immunopathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021122009522946800_cei12008-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2901","article-title":"The double life of a B-1 cell: self-reactivity selects for protective effector functions","volume":"11","author":"Baumgarth","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2021122009522946800_cei12008-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20101499","article-title":"Human B1 cells in umbilical cord and adult peripheral blood 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