{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T12:38:39Z","timestamp":1788871119472,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,15]],"date-time":"2015-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1431648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK090019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK090019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) immunoglobulin (Ig) is an important regulator of T cell activation and a fusion protein directed at CD80 and CD86; it blocks co-stimulatory signalling and T cell activation. We have taken advantage of a murine model of human primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), mice expressing a transforming growth factor (TGF)-\u03b2 receptor II dominant negative (dnTGF-\u03b2RII) transgene to address the potential therapeutic efficacy of CTLA-4 Ig. To mimic patients with PBC at different stages or duration of disease, we treated mice with either CTLA-4 Ig or control IgG three times weekly from 3 to 12 or 24 weeks of age, or from 12 to 24 weeks of age. CTLA-4 Ig treatment from 3 weeks of age significantly reduced liver inflammation to 12 weeks of age. Treatment initiated at 12 weeks of age also ameliorated the autoimmune cholangitis at 24 weeks of age. However, in mice treated at 3 weeks of age, suppression of liver inflammation was not sustained and colitis was aggravated when treatment was extended to 24 weeks of age. Our data indicate that, in dnTGF-\u03b2RII mice, CTLA-4 Ig treatment has short-term beneficial effects on autoimmune cholangitis, but the effect varies according to duration of treatment and the time in which therapy was initiated. Further dissection of the events that lead to the reduction in therapeutic effectiveness of CTLA-4 Ig will be critical to determining whether such efforts can be applied to human PBC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12581","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,8]],"date-time":"2015-01-08T01:22:01Z","timestamp":1420680121000},"page":"371-382","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Immunological potential of cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 immunoglobulin in murine autoimmune cholangitis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"180","author":[{"given":"H","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G-X","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Tomiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA"},{"name":"Third Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Tsuneyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P S C","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R L","family":"Coppel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Joh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S G","family":"Nadler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A A","family":"Ansari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Bowlus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M E","family":"Gershwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-020712-164014","article-title":"The immunobiology and pathophysiology of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"8","author":"Hirschfield","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pathol"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-014-0439-3","article-title":"Mechanisms of tissue injury in autoimmune liver diseases","volume":"36","author":"Liaskou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Immunopathol"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1383729","article-title":"Breach of tolerance: primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"34","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2014.01.034","article-title":"Murine autoimmune cholangitis requires two hits: cytotoxic KLRG1(+) CD8 effector cells and defective T regulatory cells","volume":"50","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27230","article-title":"Shotgun proteomics: identification of unique protein profiles of apoptotic bodies from biliary epithelial cells","volume":"60","author":"Lleo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27306","article-title":"CXCR5 CD4 T follicular helper cells participate in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"61","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27313","article-title":"Ongoing activation of autoantigen-specific B cells in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"60","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2012.12.007","article-title":"Environment and primary biliary cirrhosis: electrophilic drugs and the induction of AMA","volume":"41","author":"Leung","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1944","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26979","article-title":"IL-12\/Th1 and IL-23\/Th17 biliary microenvironment in primary biliary cirrhosis: implications for therapy","volume":"59","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI4213","article-title":"Identification and precursor frequency analysis of a common T cell epitope motif in mitochondrial autoantigens in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"102","author":"Shimoda","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20010956","article-title":"Identification of HLA-A2-restricted CD8(+) cytotoxic T cell responses in primary biliary cirrhosis: T cell activation is augmented by immune complexes cross-presented by dendritic cells","volume":"195","author":"Kita","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI0214698","article-title":"Quantitative and functional analysis of PDC-E2-specific autoreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"109","author":"Kita","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.14.1.233","article-title":"CD28\/B7 system of T cell costimulation","volume":"14","author":"Lenschow","year":"1996","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(02)00362-X","article-title":"The interaction properties of costimulatory molecules revisited","volume":"17","author":"Collins","year":"2002","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1517\/14712598.5.9.1245","article-title":"Abatacept: a costimulatory inhibitor for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"5","author":"Teng","year":"2005","journal-title":"Expert Opin Biol Ther"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0016","first-page":"S30","article-title":"Efficacy results from pivotal clinical trials with abatacept","volume":"25","author":"Rozelle","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0017","first-page":"2204","article-title":"Abatacept binds to the Fc receptor CD64 but does not mediate complement-dependent cytotoxicity or antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity","volume":"34","author":"Davis","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.173.3.721","article-title":"Binding of the B cell activation antigen B7 to CD28 costimulates T cell proliferation and interleukin 2 mRNA accumulation","volume":"173","author":"Linsley","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.08.019","article-title":"Abatacept modulates human dendritic cell-stimulated T-cell proliferation and effector function independent of IDO induction","volume":"126","author":"Davis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0020","first-page":"267","article-title":"CTLA4Ig and the therapeutic potential of T cell co-stimulation blockade","volume":"33","author":"Graca","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Reumatol Port"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.091876","article-title":"Mode of action of abatacept in rheumatoid arthritis patients having failed tumour necrosis factor blockade: a histological, gene expression and dynamic magnetic resonance imaging pilot study","volume":"68","author":"Buch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0022","first-page":"510","article-title":"Selective modulation of T-cell co-stimulation: a novel mode of action for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"27","author":"Choy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq287","article-title":"Abatacept treatment for rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"50","author":"Schiff","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60998-8","article-title":"Abatacept in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled withdrawal trial","volume":"372","author":"Ruperto","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27431","article-title":"Long-term safety and efficacy of abatacept in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"62","author":"Ruperto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26067","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4\/immunoglobulin on a murine model of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"57","author":"Dhirapong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.3.1655","article-title":"Anti-mitochondrial antibodies and primary biliary cirrhosis in TGF-beta receptor II dominant-negative mice","volume":"177","author":"Oertelt","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2012.12.013","article-title":"Overexpression of microRNA-21 is associated with elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines in dominant-negative TGF-beta receptor type II mouse","volume":"41","author":"Ando","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22226","article-title":"Adoptive transfer of CD8(+) T cells from transforming growth factor beta receptor type II (dominant negative form) induces autoimmune cholangitis in mice","volume":"47","author":"Yang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25829","article-title":"Deletion of interleukin (IL)-12p35 induces liver fibrosis in dominant-negative TGFbeta receptor type II mice","volume":"57","author":"Tsuda","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22390","article-title":"Loss of tolerance in C57BL\/6 mice to the autoantigen E2 subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase by a xenobiotic with ensuing biliary ductular disease","volume":"48","author":"Wakabayashi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23238","article-title":"B-cell depletion with anti-CD20 ameliorates autoimmune cholangitis but exacerbates colitis in transforming growth factor-beta receptor II dominant negative mice","volume":"50","author":"Moritoki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23132","article-title":"Deletion of interleukin-12p40 suppresses autoimmune cholangitis in dominant negative transforming growth factor beta receptor type II mice","volume":"50","author":"Yoshida","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26418","article-title":"Clonality, activated antigen-specific CD8 T cells, and development of autoimmune cholangitis in dnTGFbetaRII mice","volume":"58","author":"Kawata","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25803","article-title":"The immunobiology of colitis and cholangitis in interleukin-23p19 and interleukin-17a deleted dominant negative form of transforming growth factor beta receptor type ii mice","volume":"56","author":"Ando","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12193","article-title":"Anti-CD40 ligand monoclonal antibody delays the progression of murine autoimmune cholangitis","volume":"174","author":"Tanaka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2009.00780.x","article-title":"The clinical utility of inhibiting CD28-mediated costimulation","volume":"229","author":"Linsley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1038\/ncprheum0345","article-title":"Drug Insight: abatacept for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"2","author":"Ruderman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2008.07.035","article-title":"Co-stimulatory modulation in rheumatoid arthritis: the role of (CTLA4-Ig) abatacept","volume":"8","author":"Fiocco","year":"2008","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8027","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.11.8027","article-title":"Direct CD28 costimulation is required for CD8+ T cell-mediated resistance to an acute viral disease in a natural host","volume":"177","author":"Fang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5565","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.10.5565","article-title":"Role of CD28-B7 interactions in generation and maintenance of CD8 T cell memory","volume":"167","author":"Suresh","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80170-3","article-title":"Abrogation of TGFbeta signaling in T cells leads to spontaneous T cell differentiation and autoimmune disease","volume":"12","author":"Gorelik","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80195-8","article-title":"B7\/CD28 costimulation is essential for the homeostasis of the CD4+CD25+ immunoregulatory T cells that control autoimmune diabetes","volume":"12","author":"Salomon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3348","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.7.3348","article-title":"Cutting edge: CD28 controls peripheral homeostasis of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells","volume":"171","author":"Tang","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2172-14-34","article-title":"CTLA4-Ig (abatacept) therapy modulates T cell effector functions in autoantibody-positive rheumatoid arthritis patients","volume":"14","author":"Pieper","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Immunol"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000000421","article-title":"CTLA4-Ig Preserves Thymus-Derived T Regulatory Cells","volume":"98","author":"Ahmadi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-011-9527-5","article-title":"CTLA-4-Ig therapy diminishes the frequency but enhances the function of Treg cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"31","author":"Alvarez-Quiroga","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1200266","article-title":"The indispensable role of CCR5 for in vivo suppressor function of tumor-derived CD103+ effector\/memory regulatory T cells","volume":"189","author":"Chang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.4161\/mabs.2.3.11782","article-title":"Safety and immunotoxicity assessment of immunomodulatory monoclonal antibodies","volume":"2","author":"Brennan","year":"2010","journal-title":"mAbs"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3104","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.159.7.3104","article-title":"Long-term inhibition of murine lupus by brief simultaneous blockade of the B7\/CD28 and CD40\/gp39 costimulation pathways","volume":"159","author":"Daikh","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3082","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1300830","article-title":"CTLA4Ig inhibits effector T cells through regulatory T cells and TGF-beta","volume":"191","author":"Deppong","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2006.03.001","article-title":"CTLA4Ig: bridging the basic immunology with clinical application","volume":"24","author":"Bluestone","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6368","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.11.6368","article-title":"Opposing roles of CD28:B7 and CTLA-4:B7 pathways in regulating in vivo alloresponses in murine recipients of MHC disparate T cells","volume":"162","author":"Blazar","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2021122010143045600_cei12581-bib-0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI9244","article-title":"CTLA4Ig inhibits T cell-dependent B-cell maturation in murine systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"106","author":"Mihara","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcei.12581","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cei\/article-pdf\/180\/3\/371\/41791792\/cei12581.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cei\/article-pdf\/180\/3\/371\/41791792\/cei12581.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]],"date-time":"2023-07-31T12:55:58Z","timestamp":1690808158000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cei\/article\/180\/3\/371\/6422185"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,15]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cei.12581","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-9104","1365-2249"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-9104","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2249","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,15]]}}}