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In this study, we focused on the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and regulatory B cells (Bregs) in SAP. We found that deletion of B7-2 in female NOD mice led to a lower frequency and number of Tregs and Bregs in spleens and lymph nodes. Tregs but not Bregs suppressed antigen-stimulated splenocyte proliferation, whereas Bregs inhibited the T helper type 1 (Th1) cytokine response. Both Tregs and Bregs induced an increase in CD4+interleukin (IL)\u221210+ cells, although less effectively in the absence of B7-2. Adoptive transfer studies revealed that Tregs, but not Bregs, suppressed SAP, while Bregs attenuated disease severity when given prior to symptom onset. B cell deficiency in B cell-deficient (muMT)\/B7-2\u2013\/\u2013 NOD mice prevented the development of SAP, which would indicate that the pathogenic role of B cells predominates over its regulatory role in this model. We conclude that Bregs and Tregs control the immunopathogenesis and progression of SAP in a non-redundant fashion, and that therapies aimed at expansion of Bregs and Tregs may be an effective approach in autoimmune neuropathies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12756","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,16]],"date-time":"2015-12-16T08:29:59Z","timestamp":1450254599000},"page":"50-61","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Regulatory T and B lymphocytes in a spontaneous autoimmune polyneuropathy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"184","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Quan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J R","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P M","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Soliven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021111804092766200_cei12756-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2006.08.003","article-title":"From vanilla to 28 flavors: multiple varieties of T regulatory cells","volume":"25","author":"Shevach","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2021111804092766200_cei12756-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.3.1151","article-title":"Immunologic self-tolerance maintained by activated T cells expressing IL-2 receptor alpha-chains (CD25). 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