{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T11:46:48Z","timestamp":1773229608208,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2101,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized clinically by arterial and\/or venous thromboses, recurrent abortions or fetal loss and serologically by the presence of \u2018anti-phospholipid antibodies\u2019 (aPL). The main target antigen of the antibodies is \u03b22glycoprotein I (\u03b22GPI). Post-translational oxidative modifications of the protein have been widely described. In this study we aimed to analyse sera reactivity to glucose-modified \u03b22GPI (G-\u03b22GPI). Sera collected from 43 patients with APS [15 primary APS (PAPS) and 28 APS associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (SAPS)], 30 with SLE, 30 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 40 healthy subjects were analysed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a G-\u03b22GPI. Nine of 15 consecutive PAPS out-patients (60%) and 16 of 28 SAPS (57.1%) showed serum antibodies [immunoglobulin (Ig)G class] against G-\u03b22GPI (anti-G-\u03b22GPI) by ELISA. The occurrence of anti-G-\u03b22GPI was significantly higher in APS patients compared to patients suffering from SLE. No RA patients or control healthy subjects resulted positive for anti-G-\u03b22GPI. Of note, aG-\u03b22GPI prompted to identify some APS patients (four PAPS and seven SAPS), who were negative in the classical anti-\u03b22GPI test. Moreover, in APS patients, anti-G-\u03b22GPI titre was associated significantly with venous thrombosis and seizure in APS patients. This study demonstrates that G-\u03b22GPI is a target antigen of humoral immune response in patients with APS, suggesting that \u03b22GPI glycation products may contain additional epitopes for anti-\u03b22GPI reactivity. Searching for these antibodies may be useful for evaluating the risk of clinical manifestations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12762","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,24]],"date-time":"2015-12-24T23:46:47Z","timestamp":1451000807000},"page":"174-182","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Antibodies to age-\u03b22glycoprotein I in patients with anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"184","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Sorice","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, \u2018Sapienza\u2019 University of Rome"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Buttari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore Di 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