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The loss of Tregs or their function has been associated with exacerbation of autoimmune disease. However, the temporary loss of Tregs in the chronic spontaneous disease model has not been investigated. In this study, we evaluated the role of Tregs in a novel chronic spontaneous glomerulonephritis model of B cell lymphoma 2-interacting mediator (Bim) knock-out mice by transient depleting Tregs. Bim is a pro-apoptotic member of the B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family. Bim knock-out (Bim\u2013\/\u2013) mice fail to delete autoreactive T cells in thymus, leading to chronic spontaneous autoimmune kidney disease. We found that Treg depletion in Bim\u2013\/\u2013 mice exacerbated the kidney injury with increased proteinuria, impaired kidney function, weight loss and greater histological injury compared with wild-type mice. There was a significant increase in interstitial infiltrate of inflammatory cells, antibody deposition and tubular damage. Furthermore, the serum levels of cytokines interleukin (IL)\u22122, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17\u03b1, interferon (IFN)-\u03b3 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1 were increased significantly after Treg depletion in Bim\u2013\/\u2013 mice. This study demonstrates that transient depletion of Tregs leads to enhanced self-reactive T effector cell function followed by exacerbation of kidney disease in the chronic spontaneous kidney disease model of Bim-deficient mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12937","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]],"date-time":"2017-02-02T22:58:16Z","timestamp":1486076296000},"page":"195-207","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Exacerbation of spontaneous autoimmune nephritis following regulatory T cell depletion in B cell lymphoma 2-interacting mediator knock-out mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"188","author":[{"given":"Y M","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G Y","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's 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Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D C H","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Transplantation and Renal Research, University of Sydney at Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S I","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120808030762200_cei12937-bib-0001","first-page":"47","article-title":"Spontaneous ventral spinal epidural hematoma in an infant: an unusual presentation","volume":"7","author":"Abbas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Iran J Child 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