{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:29:58Z","timestamp":1790267398987,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1172,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006203","name":"Johnson Space Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNX12AB48G"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNX12AB48G"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006203","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006203","name":"Johnson Space Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNX16AB29G"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNX16AB29G"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006203","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005440","name":"Center for Scientific Review","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21 CA197527-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 CA197527-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a potentially fatal complication in patients receiving haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), but recent evidence indicates that CMV has strong anti-leukaemia effects due in part to shifts in the composition of natural killer (NK) cell subsets. NK cells are the primary mediators of the anti-leukaemia effect of allogeneic HSCT, and infusion of allogeneic NK cells has shown promise as a means of inducing remission and preventing relapse of several different haematological malignancies. The effectiveness of these treatments is limited, however, when tumours express human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-E, a ligand for the inhibitory receptor NKG2A, which is expressed by the vast majority of post-transplant reconstituted and ex-vivo expanded NK cells. It is possible to enhance NK cell cytotoxicity against HLA-Epos malignancies by increasing the proportion of NK cells expressing NKG2C (the activating receptor for HLA-E) and lacking the corresponding inhibitory receptor NKG2A. The proportion of NKG2Cpos\/NKG2Aneg NK cells is typically low in healthy adults, but it can be increased by CMV infection or ex-vivo expansion of NK cells using HLA-E-transfected feeder cells and interleukin (IL)-15. In this review, we will discuss the role of CMV-driven NKG2Cpos\/NKG2Aneg NK cell expansion on anti-tumour cytotoxicity and disease progression in the context of haematological malignancies, and explore the possibility of harnessing NKG2Cpos\/NKG2Aneg NK cells for cancer immunotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.13152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]],"date-time":"2018-05-08T11:11:45Z","timestamp":1525777905000},"page":"265-274","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Cytomegalovirus: an unlikely ally in the fight against blood cancers?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"193","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6172-7623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A B","family":"Bigley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA"},{"name":"Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F L","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA"},{"name":"Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R J","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA"},{"name":"Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA"},{"name":"Department of Immunobiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 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