{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:39:12Z","timestamp":1788305952479,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,14]],"date-time":"2018-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1542153600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008217","name":"Dronning Louises B\u00f8rnehospitals Forskningsfond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008217","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Turner syndrome (TS) is associated with an increased frequency of autoimmunity. Frequently observed autoimmune diseases in TS are also seen in the autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I (APS I), of which Addison disease is a key component. An overlapping antibody profile between TS and APS I could be considered. The aim of this work was to study women with TS regarding 21-hydroxylase (21-OH) antibodies and interferon omega (IFN-\u03c9) antibodies, a highly specific marker for APS I, to determine if there are immunological overlaps between TS and APS I. Blood samples from 141 TS were assayed for 21-OH antibodies and IFN-\u03c9 antibodies using in-vitro-transcribed and translated autoantigen. Indices with a cut-off point of 57 and 200 for 21-OH antibody and IFN-\u03c9 antibody were used as reference. The median age of TS was 31\u00b76 years (range = 11\u00b72\u201362\u00b72). Positive indices of 21-OH antibodies were present in six TS (4%), with a mean of 144\u00b78 (range = 60\u2013535). None had apparent adrenal insufficiency. There was no age difference comparing 21-OH antibody-positive TS (median age = 33\u00b79 years, range = 17\u00b77\u201344\u00b77) and 21-OH antibody-negative TS (median age = 31\u00b76 years, range = 11\u00b72\u201362\u00b72) (P = 0\u00b78). No TS was positive for IFN-\u03c9 antibodies (mean = 42\u00b74, range = \u2013435\u2013191). No overlapping autoimmune profile between TS and APS I was found. Autoimmunity against 21-OH among TS patients was more prevalent than previously identified, suggesting an increased risk of adrenal failure in TS. However, whether adrenal impairment will develop remains unknown.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.13231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,29]],"date-time":"2018-10-29T17:34:48Z","timestamp":1540834488000},"page":"364-368","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["21-hydroxylase autoantibodies are more prevalent in Turner syndrome but without an association to the autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"195","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9185-1342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A","family":"Berglund","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Cleemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, North Sealand Hospital, Hiller\u00f8d, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B E","family":"Oftedal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"K.G. Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Holm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, North Sealand Hospital, Hiller\u00f8d, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E S","family":"Husebye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"K.G. Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C H","family":"Gravholt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121023245290700_cei13231-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3897","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0558","article-title":"Prevalence, incidence, diagnostic delay, and mortality in Turner syndrome","volume":"91","author":"Stochholm","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol 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