{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T21:01:09Z","timestamp":1790110869511,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]],"date-time":"2019-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bilateral grant between Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and Hungarian Academy of Sciences","award":["SNK-73\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SNK-73\/2013"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003336","name":"Bulgarian National Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DDVU 02\/34"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DDVU 02\/34"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003336","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic inflammatory disease which involves multiple organs. Self-specific B and T cells play a main role in the pathogenesis of lupus and have been defined as a logical target for selective therapy. The protein annexin A1 (ANX A1) is a modulator of the immune system involving many cell types. An abnormal expression of ANX A1 was found on activated B and T cells during autoimmunity, suggesting its importance as a potential therapeutic target. We hypothesize that it may be possible to down-regulate the activity of autoreactive T and B cells from lupus patients in a humanized immunodeficient mouse model by treating them with an antibody against ANX A1. When cultured in the presence of anti-ANX A1, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from lupus patients showed a decreased number of immunoglobulin (Ig)G anti-dsDNA antibody-secreting plasma cells, decreased T cell proliferation and expression of activation markers and increased B and T cell apoptosis. We employed a humanized model of SLE by transferring PBMCs from lupus patients to immunodeficient non-obese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficient (NOD-SCID) mice. The humanized animals presented autoantibodies, proteinuria and immunoglobulin deposition in the renal glomeruli. Treatment of these NOD-SCID mice with an anti-ANX A1 antibody prevented appearance of anti-DNA antibodies and proteinuria, while the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-injected animals had high levels after the transfer. The treatment reduced the levels of autoantibodies to several autoantigens, lupus-associated cytokines and disease symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.13399","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,14]],"date-time":"2019-11-14T10:27:40Z","timestamp":1573727260000},"page":"278-293","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Suppression of autoreactive T and B lymphocytes by anti-annexin A1 antibody in a humanized NSG murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"199","author":[{"given":"N","family":"Mihaylova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Chipinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Bradyanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Velikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital St Ivan Rilski, Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Ivanova-Todorova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital St Ivan Rilski, Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Chausheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Herb\u00e1th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Kalinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Rheumatology, University Hospital St Ivan Rilski, Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Prechl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Kyurkchiev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital St Ivan Rilski, Sofia, 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