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Impaired B10 cell responses are related to numerous autoimmune diseases. However, the function of B10 cells in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients is controversial. We hypothesized that there are numerical and functional defects of B10 cells in T1D. Sixty-two patients with T1D and 74\u00a0healthy volunteers were included in our study. We showed that B10 cells in human peripheral blood belong to a CD24hiCD38hi B cell subpopulation. CD24hiCD38hi B cells from healthy individuals possessed regulatory capacity, suppressed interferon (IFN)-\u03b3, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1 and IL-17A production and promoted IL-4 production and forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3) expression in CD4+ T cells through an IL-10-dependent mechanism. Compared to healthy controls, B10 cell percentages in T1D were significantly lower (5\u00b76\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03\u00b75 versus 6\u00b79\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03\u00b73%; P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00\u00b705), produced less IL-10 (15\u00b74\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04\u00b73 versus 29\u00b70\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04\u00b75%; P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00\u00b7001) and lacked regulatory capacity. In addition, Pearson's correlation analysis showed that the frequency of circulating B10 cells was negatively correlated with the frequency of CD4+IFN-\u03b3+ and CD4+TNF-\u03b1+ T cells (r = \u22120\u00b7248 and r = \u22120\u00b7283, P = 0\u00b7008 and P = 0\u00b7017, respectively), positively correlating with the frequency of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T cells (r = 0\u00b7247, P = 0\u00b7001). These data offer direct proof that there is a deficiency of circulating CD24hiCD38hi B cells in peripheral blood of patients with T1D, which participate in the T1D immune imbalance involved in the development of T1D.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.13408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,18]],"date-time":"2019-12-18T03:25:08Z","timestamp":1576639508000},"page":"22-32","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Decrease in the proportion of CD24hiCD38hi B cells and impairment of their regulatory capacity in type 1 diabetes patients"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"200","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9213-1742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Y","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H-T","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The 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