{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T13:12:51Z","timestamp":1792761171535,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":413,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006129","name":"King Gustaf V and Queen Victoria's Freemasons Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007949","name":"Swedish Rheumatism Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007949","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007230","name":"King Gustaf V's 80-year Anniversary Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007230","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003749","name":"Region \u00d6sterg\u00f6tland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003749","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Knowledge of concomitant autoimmune liver diseases (AILD) is more detailed in primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome (pSS) compared to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Herein, the prevalence of autoantibodies associated with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) was investigated in stored sera from patients with SLE (n\u00a0=\u00a0280) and pSS (n\u00a0=\u00a0114). Antibodies against mitochondria (AMA), liver\u2013kidney microsomal (LKM) antigen, smooth muscle (SMA) and anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) were analysed with immunofluorescence microscopy. In addition, AILD-associated autoantibodies were tested with immunoblot. Prior to sampling, eight SLE (2\u00b79%) and three pSS (2\u00b76%) cases were diagnosed with AILD. Among SLE-cases without known AILD (n\u00a0=\u00a0272), 26 (9\u00b76%) had PBC-associated autoantibodies, 15 (5\u00b75%) AIH-associated autoantibodies (excluding ANA) and one serological overlap. Most subjects with PBC-associated autoantibodies had liver enzymes within reference limits (22 of 27, 81%) or mild laboratory cholestasis (two of 27, 7\u00b74%), while one fulfilled the diagnostic PBC-criteria. AMA-M2 detected by immunoblot was the most common PBC-associated autoantibody in SLE (20 of 272, 7\u00b74%). The prevalence of SMA (4\u00b74%) was comparable with a healthy reference population, but associated with elevated liver enzymes in four of 12 (25%), none meeting AIH-criteria. The patient with combined AIH\/PBC-serology had liver enzymes within reference limits. Among pSS cases without known AILD (n\u00a0=\u00a0111), nine (8\u00b71%) had PBC-associated, 12 (10\u00b78%) AIH-associated autoantibodies and two overlapped. PBC-associated autoantibodies were found as frequently in SLE as in pSS but were, with few exceptions, not associated with laboratory signs of liver disease. Overall, AILD-associated autoantibodies were predominantly detected by immunoblot and no significant difference in liver enzymes was found between AILD autoantibody-negative and -positive patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.13512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T04:06:05Z","timestamp":1601438765000},"page":"22-31","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Autoantibodies associated with primary biliary cholangitis are common among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus even in the absence of elevated liver enzymes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"203","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Inflammation and Infection\/Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, 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Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7614-739X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S","family":"Kechagias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Diagnostics and Specialist Medicine\/Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Dahle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Inflammation and Infection\/Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0900-2048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C","family":"Sj\u00f6wall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Inflammation and Infection\/Rheumatology, 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