{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T03:44:02Z","timestamp":1779939842469,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,10]],"date-time":"2013-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1365552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ageing is associated with frailty and decreased anabolic hormones, insulin\u2010like growth factor\u2010I (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010I) and testo;?&gt;sterone. We hypothesized that components of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010I system, in conjunction with testosterone, modulate frailty risk in the elderly. We examined associations between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010I, its binding proteins <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGFBP<\/jats:styled-content>1 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGFBP<\/jats:styled-content>3 and testosterone with frailty in men.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Observational study of 3 447 community\u2010dwelling men aged 70\u201389\u00a0years assessed in 2001\u201304, with 1 654 reassessed in 2008\u201309.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Baseline total <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010I, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGFBP<\/jats:styled-content>1, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGFBP<\/jats:styled-content>3 and testosterone were assayed. Frailty was assessed using the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FRAIL<\/jats:styled-content> scale, comprising 5 domains: fatigue; difficulty climbing stairs; difficulty walking &gt;100\u00a0m; &gt;5 illnesses; weight loss &gt;5%. Men with\u00a0\u2265\u00a03 domains were considered frail.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At baseline, 527 men (15\u00b73%) were frail. Frail men had lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGFBP<\/jats:styled-content>3 (3 630\u00a0ng\/ml <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> not frail: 3 800\u00a0ng\/ml, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b7001) and comparable <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGFBP<\/jats:styled-content>1 (23\u00b75 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 21\u00b75\u00a0ng\/ml, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b709). In multivariate analyses, higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGFBP<\/jats:styled-content>1 was associated with increased prevalence of frailty (highest <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> lowest quartile Q4:Q1, adjusted odds ratio [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>]\u00a0=\u00a01\u00b739, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01\u00b703\u20131\u00b788). New\u2010onset frailty arose in 260 (17\u00b75%) of 1\u00a0484 men. Lower baseline <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010I predicted new\u2010onset frailty (Q1:Q4 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01\u00b748, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01\u00b700\u20132\u00b720) as did higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGFBP<\/jats:styled-content>1 (Q4:Q1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01\u00b759, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01\u00b701\u20132\u00b750). Men with both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010I and free testosterone in Q1 had greater odds of prevalent frailty (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a02\u00b713, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01\u00b754\u20132\u00b795).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Older men with higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGFBP<\/jats:styled-content>1 level, or both lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010I and testosterone, are more likely to be frail, while those with lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010I and higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGFBP<\/jats:styled-content>1 are more likely to become frail. Components of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010I system may be biomarkers or independent predictors of frailty.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,25]],"date-time":"2012-09-25T22:56:38Z","timestamp":1348613798000},"page":"752-759","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Associations of insulin\u2010like growth factor\u2010I and its binding proteins and testosterone with frailty in older men"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"B. B.","family":"Yeap","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Western Australia Perth"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Fremantle Hospital Fremantle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. A.","family":"Paul Chubb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Western Australia Perth"},{"name":"PathWest Laboratory Medicine Royal Perth and Fremantle Hospitals"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derrick","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WA Centre for Health and Ageing Centre for Medical Research University of Western Australia Perth WA,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. K. Y.","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centres for Health Research Princess Alexandra Hospital Brisbane QLD Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graeme J.","family":"Hankey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Western Australia Perth"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leon","family":"Flicker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Western Australia Perth"},{"name":"WA Centre for Health and Ageing Centre for Medical Research University of Western Australia Perth WA,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.3.M146"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2006.10.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02982161"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/JOE-09-0431"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-007-0039-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2009-0010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1096-6374(03)00038-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-1245"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/gln026"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/gln047"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-09-0852"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2754"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.7.635"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyn041"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","first-page":"3.1","volume-title":"SF\u201036 Health Survey Manual and Interpretation Guide","author":"Ware J.E.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-842X.1999.tb01297.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-06-0714"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2008.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.79.5.1361"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-146-2-200701160-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000027563.44593.CC"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-2088"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-139-8-200310210-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030967"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-1633"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-1377"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-11-0059"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2009.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-23198"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2009.02318.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0143"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-0957"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-2338"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0118"}],"container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcen.12052","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cen.12052","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T00:59:47Z","timestamp":1698627587000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cen.12052"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,10]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cen.12052"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cen.12052","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-0664","1365-2265"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-0664","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2265","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,10]]}}}