{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T11:43:43Z","timestamp":1778499823567,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,20]],"date-time":"2013-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1369008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incretin effect is known to be decreased in type 2 diabetes. However, there are limited data on the incretin effect in non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>aucasian subjects. Because <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>sian patients with type 2 diabetes are characterized by decreased insulin secretion, this study set out to examine the incretin effect in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>orean subjects with normal glucose tolerance (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NGT<\/jats:styled-content>) or type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed 75\u2010g oral glucose tolerance tests (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OGTT<\/jats:styled-content>s) and corresponding isoglycaemic intravenous glucose infusion (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IIGI<\/jats:styled-content>) studies in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>orean subjects with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NGT<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a014) or type 2 diabetes (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a016). The incretin effect was calculated based on the incremental area under the curves (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iAUC<\/jats:styled-content>s) of the plasma levels of insulin, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010peptide or insulin secretion rate (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISR<\/jats:styled-content>). The plasma levels of total glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101) and glucose\u2010dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GIP<\/jats:styled-content>) were measured by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incretin effect was not different between the subjects with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NGT<\/jats:styled-content> and type 2 diabetes (43\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 47\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04%, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00\u00b7575 by insulin; 29\u00a0\u00b1\u00a07% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 38\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04%, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00\u00b7253 by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010peptide; 28\u00a0\u00b1\u00a07% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 35\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05%, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00\u00b7372 by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISR<\/jats:styled-content>, respectively). However, the gastrointestinally mediated glucose disposal (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GIGD<\/jats:styled-content>) was markedly decreased in type 2 diabetes (28\u00b75\u00a0\u00b1 4\u00b72% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 59\u00b70\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04\u00b73%, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00\u00b7001). The plasma levels of the total <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GIP<\/jats:styled-content> during the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OGTT<\/jats:styled-content>s were comparable between the two groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>oreans, the secretion of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GIP<\/jats:styled-content> during <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OGTT<\/jats:styled-content>s and the incretin effect were comparable between subjects with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NGT<\/jats:styled-content> and type 2 diabetes, whereas the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GIGD<\/jats:styled-content> was significantly decreased in patients with type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,13]],"date-time":"2013-02-13T15:30:49Z","timestamp":1360769449000},"page":"221-227","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["The incretin effect in <scp>K<\/scp>orean subjects with normal glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Tae Jung","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji Yon","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University 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