{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T18:37:17Z","timestamp":1782931037003,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,28]],"date-time":"2014-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1390867200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["513781"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["513781"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Fremantle Hospital Medical Research Foundation","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>There have been no studies of the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPAP<\/jats:styled-content>) therapy on erectile dysfunction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content>) and serum testosterone in men with type 2 diabetes and obstructive sleep apnoea (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content>), a patient group at increased risk of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content> and hypogonadism. The aim of this study was to determine whether <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPAP<\/jats:styled-content> improves sexual and gonadal function in males with type 2 diabetes and a pre\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPAP<\/jats:styled-content> apnoea\u2013hypopnoea index &gt;15\/h.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Substudy of a trial assessing the effect of 3\u00a0months of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPAP<\/jats:styled-content> on cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 35 males starting <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPAP<\/jats:styled-content>, 27 (mean\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content> age 65\u00b74\u00a0\u00b1\u00a09\u00b76\u00a0years, median [interquartile range] diabetes duration 12\u00b71 [5\u00b72\u201315\u00b73]\u00a0years) completed the trial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum total and free testosterone, responses to the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ndrogen <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>eficiency in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ging <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ale (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADAM<\/jats:styled-content>) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>exual <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>ealth <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>nventory for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>en (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SHIM<\/jats:styled-content>) questionnaires.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were no significant changes in mean total or free testosterone (baseline concentrations 12\u00b77\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04\u00b75\u00a0n<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> and 0\u00b726\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00\u00b707\u00a0p<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>, respectively), or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SHIM<\/jats:styled-content> score (baseline 13 [5\u201317]), after 3\u00a0months of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPAP<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&gt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0\u00b720). The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADAM<\/jats:styled-content> score (baseline 6\u00b72\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02\u00b71) fell after 1\u00a0month (to 5\u00b70\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02\u00b76) and was maintained at this level at 3\u00a0months (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0\u00b7015). The Epworth Sleepiness Scale score decreased and self\u2010reported physical activity increased over 3\u00a0months (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\u2264<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0\u00b7017) without a change in body mass index (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>1\u00b700).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings imply that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPAP<\/jats:styled-content> therapy improves somnolence and promotes exercise in men with type 2 diabetes, but that there is no direct benefit for gonadal or sexual function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,6]],"date-time":"2014-01-06T18:14:51Z","timestamp":1389032091000},"page":"254-258","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Effect of continuous positive airway pressure therapy on sexual function and serum testosterone in males with type 2 diabetes and obstructive sleep apnoea"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Arthur","family":"Knapp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Western Australia Fremantle WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul C.","family":"Myhill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Western Australia Fremantle WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy A.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Western Australia Fremantle WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsten E.","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Western Australia Fremantle WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Hillman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Perth WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma J.","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Western Australia Fremantle WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ee Mun","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry PathWest Laboratory Medicine Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Fremantle WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy M. 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